Political Culture in Central and Eastern Europe (PCE 2000) Politická kultúra v strednej a východnej Európe (PCE 2000) SASD 2000001 Miroslav Tížik Miloslav Bahna Veronika Uričová Slovak Archive of Social Data SASD © SASD 2007 2007-03-01 Slovak Archive of Social Data SASD, Comenius university in Bratislava, Gondova 2, Bratislava 811 01 Slovak Republic, www.sasd.fphil.uniba.sk XML notepad NSD XML Generator Austrian Science and Research Liaison Offices (ASO) in Bratislava, www.saia.sk and Centre of Excellence for Research on Citizenship and Participation: Facing the Challenges of 21st Century - COPART (http://www.kvsbk.sav.sk/indexenglish.php?id=engcentrumexcelentnosti ) Archiving and Sharing of Social Survey Data in International Network SK-05/06-BA-013 and Centre of Excellence for Research on Citizenship and Participation: Facing the Challenges of 21st Century - COPART , Contract No III / 3/2007 among Slovak Academy of Science, Department of Social and Biological Communication SAS and all participed institutions Slovak Archive of Social Data SASD Slovak Archive of Social Data SASD/ Miroslav Tížik, e-mail: tizik@fphil.uniba.sk, sasd@fphil.uniba.sk Slovak Archive of Social Data SASD, Comenius university in Bratislava, Gondova 2, Bratislava 811 01 Slovak Republic, www.sasd.fphil.uniba.sk and Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Klemensova 19, Bratislava 813 64, Slovak Republic, www.sasd.sav.sk 2007-03-01 2007-03-01 Political Culture in Central and Eastern Europe (PCE 2000) Political Culture in Central and East Europe was archived in Slovak Archive of Social Data (SASD) in a frame of project "Archiving and Sharing of Social Survey Data in International Network" financed by Austrian Science and Research Liaison Offices (ASO) in Bratislava and to electronic form was transformed with support of Centre of Excellence for Research on Citizenship and Participation: Facing the Challenges of 21st Century - COPART (http://www.kvsbk.sav.sk/indexenglish.php?id=engcentrumexcelentnosti ). The survey was conducted in year 2000 as a part of an project "Value Systems of the Citizens and Socio-Economic Conditions - Challenges from Democratisation for the EU-Enlargement" (http://www.democraticvalues.eu.tf/ ). The data sets was collected in 11 european countries - Albania, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Germany (east and west part), Greece, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Rumunia, Russian federation. 2007-03-01 Political Culture in Central and Eastern Europe (PCE 2000), First Edition Slovak Archive of Social Data SASD, www.sasd.fphil.uniba.sk Political Culture in Central and Eastern Europe (PCE 2000) Slovak Archive of Social Data SASD, Comenius university in Bratislava, Gondova 2, Bratislava 811 01 Slovak Republic, www.sasd.fphil.uniba.sk and Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Klemensova 19, Bratislava 813 64, Slovak Republic, www.sasd.sav.sk, e-mail:sasd@fphil.uniba.sk (Materials for the Slovak version of the documentation were compiled and prepared for archiving from the sources of the project "Archiving and Sharing of Social Survey Data in International Network" SK-05/09-BA-013 supported by SAIA, non-profit organization - ASO (Austrian Science and Research Liason Offices ASO), www.saia.sk. Materials in DDI format and their electronic version together with the preparation of a complete version of the documentation were realized within the Centre of Excellence for Research on Citizenship and Participation: Facing the Challenges of 21st Century - COPAR (http://www.kvsbk.sav.sk/indexenglish.php?id=engcentrumexcelentnosti ). The survey Political Culture in Central and Eastern Europe was conducted in year 2000 as a part of an project "Value Systems of the Citizens and Socio-Economic Conditions - Challenges from Democratisation for the EU-Enlargement" (http://www.democraticvalues.eu.tf/ ), directed by Prof. Dr. Detlef Pollack, European University Viadrina Chair for Comparative Sociology of Culture, P.O. 1786 D-15207 Frankfurt/Oder Germany, Phone: 0335 / 5534 2939 Fax: 0335 / 5534 2923, E-Mail: pollack@euv-frankfurt-o.de ,responsible for survey done in Slovak Republic was PhDr. Ľuba Žaloudková, Institute of Sociology of Slovak Academy of Science, Klemensova 19, 813 04 Bratislava, Slovakia, E-Mail: luba@zaloudek.s Documentation contains completed study documentation with codebook for all 11 participated countries Political Culture in Central and Eastern Europe (PCE 2000) Politická kultúra v strednej a východnej Európe (PCE 2000) SASD 2000001 Slovak Archive of Social Data SASD/ Miroslav Tížik Miloslav Bahna, Veronika Uričová Slovak Archive of Social Data SASD, Comenius university in Bratislava, Gondova 2, Bratislava 811 01 Slovak Republic, www.sasd.fphil.uniba.sk and Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Klemensova 19, Bratislava 813 64, Slovak Republic, www.sasd.sav.sk, e-mail:sasd@fphil.uniba.sk © SASD 2007 2007-03-01 Department of Sociology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Gondova 2, Bratislava 811 01, Slovak Republic SPSS Austrian Science and Research Liaison Offices (ASO) in Bratislava, www.saia.sk and Centre of Excellence for Research on Citizenship and Participation: Facing the Challenges of 21st Century - COPART (http://www.kvsbk.sav.sk/indexenglish.php?id=engcentrumexcelentnosti ) Archiving and Sharing of Social Survey Data in International Network SK-05/06-BA-013 and Centre of Excellence for Research on Citizenship and Participation: Facing the Challenges of 21st Century - COPART , Contract No III / 3/2007 among Slovak Academy of Science, Department of Social and Biological Communication SAS and all participed institutions Slovak Archive of Social Data SASD Miroslav Tížik, e-mail: tizik@fphil.uniba.sk, sasd@fphil.uniba.sk Slovak Archive of Social Data SASD 2007-03-01 2007-03-01 Slovak national versions of PCE 2000 survey The survey Political Culture in Central and Eastern Europe was conducted in year 2000 as a part of an project "Value Systems of the Citizens and Socio-Economic Conditions - Challenges from Democratisation for the EU-Enlargement" (http://www.democraticvalues.eu.tf/ ), directed by Prof. Dr. Detlef Pollack, European University Viadrina Chair for Comparative Sociology of Culture, P.O. 1786 D-15207 Frankfurt/Oder Germany, Phone: 0335 / 5534 2939 Fax: 0335 / 5534 2923, E-Mail: pollack@euv-frankfurt-o.de , responsible for survey done in Slovak Republic was PhDr. Ľuba Žaloudková, Institute of Sociology of Slovak Academy of Science, Klemensova 19, 813 04 Bratislava, Slovakia, E-Mail: luba@zaloudek.s 2007-03-01, First Edition Slovak Archive of Social Data SASD, Comenius university in Bratislava, Gondova 2, Bratislava 811 01 Slovak Republic, www.sasd.fphil.uniba.sk and Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Klemensova 19, Bratislava 813 64, Slovak Republic, www.sasd.sav.sk, e-mail:sasd@fphil.uniba.sk Political Culture in Central and Eastern Europe (PCE 2000) Slovak Archive of Social Data SASD, Comenius university in Bratislava, Gondova 2, Bratislava 811 01 Slovak Republic, www.sasd.fphil.uniba.sk and Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Klemensova 19, Bratislava 813 64, Slovak Republic, www.sasd.sav.sk, e-mail:sasd@fphil.uniba.sk Materials for the Slovak version of the documentation were compiled and prepared for archiving from the sources of the project "Archiving and Sharing of Social Survey Data in International Network" SK-05/09-BA-013 supported by SAIA, non-profit organization - ASO (Austrian Science and Research Liason Offices ASO), www.saia.sk. Materials in DDI format and their electronic version together with the preparation of a complete version of the documentation were realized within the Centre of Excellence for Research on Citizenship and Participation: Facing the Challenges of 21st Century - COPART (http://www.kvsbk.sav.sk/indexenglish.php?id=engcentrumexcelentnosti ). Centre of Excellence of SAS for Research on Citizenship and Participation (COPART), Department of Social and Biological Communication, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Klemensova 19, 813 64 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA, tel/fax: 00421 54 77 56 83, web: www.kvsbk.sav.sk, contact person: Mgr. Barbara Lášticová (scientific secretary of CE), E-mail: barbara.lasticova@savba.sk. Description of CE: Duration: January 1, 2007 - December 31, 2010, Aims of project: The research on citizenship in social sciences includes a whole range of questions and phenomena that are crucial in contemporary European societies and are an important research topic in the European context. Our aim is to follow this trend within an integrative framework of this Centre of Excellence (CE) that will allow a synergy of particular empirical research projects and field interventions that have previously been realised separately by the institutions included in the CE. The mission of the Centre of Excellence of the Slovak Academy of Sciences COPART is to integrate existing capacities and create optimal conditions for cooperation of top experts in the domain of citizenship and civic participation 2. To integrate academic/research and practice oriented institutions in order to test theoretical hypotheses in concrete interventions, educational programs and programs of stimulation of civic participation. 3. To become an "incubation apparatus" for post-graduate students - PhD. students whose supervisors are members of the CE, but also other PhD. students - in several scientific disciplines (psychology, sociology, philosophy, political science, summer school for PhD. students and post-docs). The project of COPART offers an institutional basis for interdisciplinarity and creates a unique opportunity for collaboration of several outstanding Slovak experts. This is expected to result in a more complex understanding of citizenship, civic participation and possibilities of democratic development of the Slovak society. The multiplication of results will take place not only thanks to the participants from the Comenius University, but also thanks to three prominent NGOs that integrate top intervention, education and research potential Content of documentation: English and Slovak questionnaire in .pdf and .doc formate, data file in .spss formate in Slovak and English mutation, methodological documentation on survey - codebook Political Culture in Central and Eastern Europe (PCE 2000) Politická kultúra v strednej a východnej Európe (PCE 2000) SASD 2000001 Author of the project in Slovak Republic: PhDr. Ľuba Žaloudková, Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Klemensova 19, 813 04 Bratislava, Slovakia, E-Mail: luba@zaloudek.sk Scientific coordinator of PCE 2000: Prof. Dr. Detlef Pollack, , E-Mail: pollack@euv-frankfurt-o.de , other authors: Dr. Jörg Jacobs, jacobs@euv-frankfurt-o.de , Olaf Müller, omueller@euv-frankfurt-o.de , Dr. Gert Pickel, pickel@euv-frankfurt-o.de , codebook construction: Grit Lemke European University Viadrina Chair for Comparative Sociology of Culture, P.O. 1786 D-15207 Frankfurt/Oder Germany, Phone: 0335 / 5534 2939 Fax: 0335 / 5534 2923 PhDr. Ľuba Žaloudková, Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Klemensova 19, 813 04 Bratislava, Slovakia, E-Mail: luba@zaloudek.sk September 2000 Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Klemensova 19, Bratislava 813 64, Slovak Republic, www.sasd.sav.sk SPSS "Value Systems of the Citizens and socio-economic Conditions - Challenges from Democratisation for the EU-Enlargement" (http://www.democraticvalues.eu.tf/ ), funded by European Commission (5th Framework Programme) Slovak Archive of Social Data SASD, Comenius university in Bratislava, Gondova 2, Bratislava 811 01 Slovak Republic, www.sasd.fphil.uniba.sk and Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Klemensova 19, Bratislava 813 64, Slovak Republic, www.sasd.sav.sk, e-mail:sasd@fphil.uniba.sk , integrated data file for 11 participed countries: Prof. Dr. Detlef Pollack, E-Mail: pollack@euv-frankfurt-o.de , ďalší spoluriešitelia Dr. Jörg Jacobs, jacobs@euv-frankfurt-o.de , Olaf Müller, omueller@euv-frankfurt-o.de , Dr. Gert Pickel, pickel@euv-frankfurt-o.de , European University Viadrina Chair for Comparative Sociology of Culture, P.O. 1786 D-15207 Frankfurt/Oder Germany, Phone: 0335 / 5534 2939 Fax: 0335 / 5534 292 For survey done in Slovakia: Ľuba Žaloudková, E-Mail: luba@zaloudek.sk, main coordinator of project in 11 countries: Prof. Dr. Detlef Pollack Slovak Archive of Social Data SASD, Comenius university in Bratislava, Gondova 2, Bratislava 811 01 Slovak Republic, www.sasd.fphil.uniba.sk and Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Klemensova 19, Bratislava 813 64, Slovak Republic, www.sasd.sav.sk, e-mail:sasd@fphil.uniba.sk , for integraded data file from 11 countries: main coordinator of project in 11 countries: Prof. Dr. Detlef Pollack 2007-01-03 / January 3, 2007 2007-03-01 / March 1, 2007 Slovak national version of the PCE 2000 At the core of the project is an analysis of pattern of political orientations of the masses in Central and Eastern Europe. These pattern are compared with patterns we find among the masses in three member states of the European Union (Germany, Greece, Spain). Attitudes and values of the citizens are analysed regarding their implications on individual habits and behaviour, as well as the interaction between individual coping strategies and collective behaviour. The project bring together a range of European social science researchers, which are specialised in quantitative empirical research, in transformation theories and research in public opinion. With their knowledge of in these areas and their expertise as country experts, we are confident to solve the puzzle of the macro impact of political culture on democratisation piece by piece. 2007-03-01 PCE 2000, First Edition Ľuba Žaloudková, Institute of Sociology of Slovak Academy of Science, Klemensova 19, 813 04 Bratislava, Slovakia, E-Mail: luba@zaloudek.sk Archived data set for Slovak Republic was created from integrated data file for all 11 participed countries by selection and cleaning of appropriate cases. The data set was labeled and translated to slovak language from this integraded data file. This is not a original data set from Slovakia delivered to central coordinational team in Germany. Political Culture in Central and Eastern Europe (PCE 2000) SAS, Office of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Štefánikova 49, 814 38 Bratislava, Slovakia, www.sav.sk and European University Viadrina Chair for Comparative Sociology of Culture (Prof. Dr. Detlef Pollack) P.O. 1786 D-15207 Frankfurt/Oder Germany, E-Mail: pollack@euv-frankfurt-o.de Summary of the project PCE 2000: The system change in Central and Eastern Europe is the most radical structural change that took place in 20th century. It is a specific challenge for the European Union to accompany the political, social and economic changes of the former communist countries. The research project was focused on identification of the social and cultural bases for an integration of the Central and European nations into the European Union. The complex transformation processes towards democracy and market economy was the frame for analyses of the "mental map" of the citizens. At the core of analyses is the interrelationship between political, economic and cultural values and in what way these values shape people's opinions about the EU. One specific point is the relationship between social inequality and support of democracy in Central and Eastern Europe 10 years after the breakdown of communism. Especially the economic hardships and the decline of the socialist welfare state might cause political attitudes and values, which are not compatible with a European value community and lead to obstacles for the enlargement of the European Union. The main data base is a survey, the consortium already conducted mainly in Central and Eastern Europe. In 11 countries an average of 11.500 interviews were conducted on economic, social and political changes in Central and Eastern Europe. Three member states of the European Union was additionally included in the project. This gave account of the differences in people's belief systems which was found between member states of the European Union and the post-communist accession countries. The project included European nations, where the transformation from an authoritarian to a democratic system was successful (Germany, Greece and Spain), where the transition process was advanced (Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovenia, Estonia), where the transition process was on a good course (Bulgaria, Romania, Slovakia), and where the transition process was still in the initial phase (Albania, Russia). Germany was a special case in this design, since West Germany represented the case of a successful transformation towards a consolidated liberal democracy and East Germany was still a case of transformation. The widely cited idiom of "die Mauer in den Köpfen" (a wall in the heads) shows that inspite of the institutional unification it still can be spoken of two Germanys as far as the mental map is concerned. The research project was organised as a "most different design", which allowed to compare systematic differences of the countries a) Central question of the proposed project is to understand the structural changes taking place in the European societies. What are the effects of political culture on the process of European integration? Do the cultural conditions of the transition countries cause different paths towards the European Union? Is there a danger, that the post-communist accession countries undermine the cultural basis of the European Union? Does the EU have a chance to consolidate the political transformation process of the post-communist societies and help to establish a fully functioning market economy?b) The distribution of patterns of orientations towards democracy and market economy we find among the public is a second question. Do we find a considerable proportion of the public that rejects the principles of a liberal democracy and market economy? Do citizens in Central and Eastern Europe distance themselves from these principles, which are part of the cultural values of the European Union? c) Compared to the EU members Germany, Greece and Spain, we expect to find a considerable proportion of the public that rejects the principles of a liberal democracy. For further development it will be important to know what mainly determines these orientations. Is it mainly the situation of life that determines political support or is it the socialisation under communism? Do we find a certain nostalgia for the benefits of the communist regime or has the example of the EU caused a value diffusion? Only if the delivery of goods and services are the main factor for political attitudes do the decision makers have a chance to change peoples' attitudes. If political attitudes are mainly caused through socialisation, it will take a generation or longer until we find a majority of democrats in Central and Eastern Europe. d) The analysis of belief systems will give us some insight into the chances of the elite to influence people's attitudes. What kind of relationship exists between the recent economic situation, the social situation, the changing social structure, the developing political culture, specific political attitudes of the citizens and political behaviour? Does the growing social inequality also cause low political support for the new democracies? Only if the relationship between these elements are weak, the elite will have a great deal of influence on the masses.e) A policy orientated question is whether the pattern of orientations are compatible with an EU membership of the transition countries. Are there regional differences concerning the political culture? What is the effect of differences in the political culture on the consolidation of democracy Political culture values democracy economy social justice religion citizenship ICPSR classification: Mass Political Behaviour, Political Culture and Attitudes, Slovakia Project was focused at analysis of pattern of political orientations of the masses in Central and Eastern Europe in comparation with three member states of the European Union. Attitudes and values of the citizens were analysed regarding their implications on individual habits and behaviour, as well as the interaction between individual coping strategies and collective behaviour. The project included 11 European nations. Three, where the transformation from an authoritarian to a democratic system was successful (Germany, Greece and Spain), five, where the transition process was advanced (Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovenia, Estonia), three, where the transition process was on a good course (Bulgaria, Romania, Slovakia), and two, where the transition process was still in the initial phase (Albania, Russia). Germany was a special case in this design, since West Germany represented the case of a successful transformation towards a consolidated liberal democracy and East Germany was still a case of transformation. The widely cited idiom of "die Mauer in den Köpfen" (a wall in the heads) shows that inspite of the institutional unification it still can be spoken of two Germanys as far as the mental map is concerned. The research project was organised as a "most different design", which allowed to compare systematic differences of the countries September of the year 2000 September of the year 2000 September 12, 2000 September 25, 2000 Slovak Republic, in integrated data file 11 countries: Germany (east and west part separately), Greece, Spain, Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovenia, Estonia, Bulgaria, Romania, Slovakia, Albania and Russia. Slovak Republic Region - 8 regions individuals Sample was designed to be representative of adults older than 18 years living in private households. Survey data Capture of data started a week after the President claimed referendum on preterm parliamentary elections, a month after ratification of Basic Treaty between Slovak Republic and the Holy See, in time of negotiations about entrance of Slovakia to the OECD (date of entrance 26.10. 2000) and in time of negotiations about entrance of Slovakia to the European Union. Panel survey GfK Slovakia, The fieldwork was coordinated by INRA/Ipsos Germany, Mölln National multi-stage stratified random sample: households: random route; and selection of respondent according to the nearest birthday. Number of respondents: 1094. Number of sample points 142 Face-to-face interviews structured questionnaire, interview method: PAPI There were 1,094 respondents who answered questions in face-to-face interviews All marginals are calculated from unweighted data from the data set PCEND00_02 All missing values (DK, NA) have been excluded. The codebook does not contain all variables from the data set. Socio-demographic variables, results from filter questions and several Sample of survey population was compared with the structure of Slovak population census 2001 according the gender, age, education and economic activity: data from PCE (data from Slovak population census 2001) Male: 48,0% (47,8%), female: 52,0% (52,2%), age: 18-29: 22,2 % (26,5%), 30- 39: 21,2% (18,45%), 40-49: 20,6% (20,1%), 50-59: 17,3% (14,5%), 60+: 18,7% (20,5%), education: elementary incomplete: 1% (0,4%), elementary complete: 14,1% (26,4%), Secondary without graduation: 32,3% (30,2%), secondary with graduation: 38% (32,0%), advanced: 0,6% (1%), university: 11,2% (9,8%), economic activity: employed: 53,8% (66,8%), unemployed: 10,1% (13,9%) Slovak Archive of Social Data SASD, Comenius university in Bratislava, Gondova 2, Bratislava 811 01 Slovak Republic, www.sasd.fphil.uniba.sk and Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Klemensova 19, Bratislava 813 64, Slovak Republic, www.sasd.sav.sk, e-mail:sasd@fphil.uniba.sk Integraded data file from 11 countries: Prof. Dr. Detlef Pollack European University Viadrina Chair for Comparative Sociology of Culture, P.O. 1786 D-15207 Frankfurt/Oder Germany, Phone: 0335 / 5534 2939 Fax: 0335 / 5534 2923, E-Mail: pollack@euv-frankfurt-o.de 0 - open to public (data set from Slovakia) 1 Slovak and 1 English (identical) data file + machine-readable (PDF) and MS Word questionnaires in slovak, and english languages + methodological documentation (codebook for 11 countries) in english language complete 8 data files all documentation are accesible in electronic and printed forms, for public are accessible in on-line version only Slovak and English version of data set for Slovak Republic To download this dataset, the user must sign a declaration of confidentiality www.sasd.sav.sk Publications based on SASD data collections should acknowledge those sources by means of bibliographic citations. To ensure that such source attributions are captured for social science bibliographic utilities, citations must appear in footnotes or in the reference section of publications. To provide funding agencies with essential information about use of archival resources, users of SASD data are requested to send by e-mail to ICPSR bibliographic citations for each completed manuscript or thesis abstract. Please indicate which data were used. The data for Slovak Republic are available without restriction. To download the data set, potential users are requested to accept conditions of data use. The original collector of the data and institution archiving the data set and documentation - Comenius University in Bratislava and Institute of Sociology of Slovak Academy of Sciences bear no responsibility for uses of this collection or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. The source document - codebook - for all 11 participed countries in english is disponible on web site of SASD Documentation is provided in hardcopy and electronic form. sasd_2000001_data_en.sav The file contains coded answers on the questionnaire PCE 2000. There are additional variebles - coding of age to 6 categories and level of education to 4 categories. 1094 262, originally 260 (SAV) SPSS SASD / Slovak Archive of Social Data, Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Philosophy, Department of Sociology from integrated data file from coordinational team in Germany Complet dataset SPSS 2007-03-01 Political Culture in Central and Eastern Europe (PCE 2000), First Edition SASD / Slovak Archive of Social Data Evaluation of development of society and economy Individual values and selfclassification Political tendencies and behaviour, trust to institutions Religious belief and practices Socio demographic data Satisfaction with life Over last 10 years our society has experienced a lot of changes. I would like to ask you some questions about these changes. I am interested in your opinion about these changes and what you have experienced.(F 01- F 11) Please tell me how satisfied are you, all in all, with your life in general? Please answer by using the following scale, in which 0 means totally dissatisfied, and 10 means totally satisfied. (List 1) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 0 99 6.11609 7.32741 0 Totally dissatisfied 44 1 01 37 2 02 60 3 03 85 4 04 92 5 05 237 6 06 99 7 07 146 8 08 147 9 09 67 10 Totally satisfied 74 98 Don't know 3 99 Not answered 3 Satisfaction with development of democracy On the whole, are you very satisfied, fairly satisfied, not very satisfied or not at all satisfied with the way democracy is developing in [COUNTRY]? Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.21298 1.12339 1 Very Satisfied 11 2 Fairly Satisfied 205 3 Not very satisfied 556 4 Not at all satisfied 289 8 Don't know 27 9 Not answered 6 Development: Household's economic situation Compared to the early 90s, do you think the economic situation of your household has got a lot better, got a little better, stayed the same, got a little worse or got a lot worse? (If respondent has not had an own household at the beginning of the 90s, ask for his family's household) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.71938 1.17804 1 Got a lot better 25 2 Got a little better 157 3 Stayed the same 238 4 Got a little worse 399 5 Got a lot worse 261 8 Don't know 11 9 Keine Antwort 3 Development: Countries' economic situation Compared to the early 90s, do you think the economic situation of the country on the whole has got a lot better, got a little better, stayed the same, got a little worse or got a lot worse? Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 4.25777 1.02454 1 Got a lot better 2 2 Got a little better 94 3 Stayed the same 83 4 Got a little worse 400 5 Got a lot worse 501 8 Don't know 12 9 Keine Antwort 2 Present economic situation: household If you judge the present situation, do you think the economic situation of your household is very good, fairly good, fairly bad or very bad? Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.87843 1.09178 1 Very good 23 2 Fairly good 367 3 Fairly bad 528 4 Very bad 153 8 Don't know 11 9 Not answered 12 Present economic situation: country If you judge the present situation, do you think the economic situation of the country on the whole is very good, fairly good, fairly bad or very bad? Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 2 9 3.36929 0.967357 1 Very good 0 2 Fairly good 84 3 Fairly bad 634 4 Very bad 350 8 Don't know 18 9 Not answered 8 Govt.: How long to solve economic problems How long do you think it will take the government to sort out the economic problems of this country? Please show on this scale. (List 7) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 2 9 5.27514 1.41815 1 The economic problems are already solved 0 2 Less than three years 6 3 Three to five years 87 4 Five to 10 years 286 5 10 to 20 years 265 6 More than 20 years 194 7 Never 188 8 Don't know 63 9 Not answered 5 Govmnt control wages Here are some things a government might do for the economy. Please show of which actions you are strongly in favour of, in favour of, neither in favour of nor against, against and which you are strongly against. Control of wages by law. (List 8) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.74954 1.75628 1 Strongly in favour 265 2 In favour of 333 3 Neither in favour nor against 236 4 Against 121 5 Strongly against 79 8 Don't know 50 9 Not answered 10 Govmnt control prices Here are some things a government might do for the economy. Please show of which actions you are strongly in favour of, in favour of, neither in favour of nor against, against and which you are strongly against. Control of prices by law. (List 8) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.25229 1.55954 1 Strongly in favour 387 2 In favour of 412 3 Neither in favour nor against 132 4 Against 80 5 Strongly against 46 8 Don't know 26 9 Not answered 11 Govmnt support new technology Here are some things a government might do for the economy. Please show of which actions you are strongly in favour of, in favour of, neither in favour of nor against, against and which you are strongly against. Subsidies for industry to develop new projects and technology. (List 8) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.12797 1.59312 1 Strongly in favour 452 2 In favour of 388 3 Neither in favour nor against 134 4 Against 49 5 Strongly against 26 8 Don't know 33 9 Not answered 12 Govmnt support declining industries. Here are some things a government might do for the economy. Please show of which actions you are strongly in favour of, in favour of, neither in favour of nor against, against and which you are strongly against. Support for industries in crisis to protect jobs. (List 8) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.58135 1.69123 1 Strongly in favour 325 2 In favour of 332 3 Neither in favour nor against 186 4 Against 121 5 Strongly against 86 8 Don't know 33 9 Not answered 11 Govmnt or private: banks. To what extent do you think each of the following should be either run by private organisations or companies or should be run by the state? Banks (List 9)[Interviewer: Farms always means agricultural cooperations, which are not ”family business”] Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.95795 1.16446 1 Only privately run 32 2 Mainly run by private organisations and companies 58 3 Mixed, equally run by privately and by the state 269 4 Mainly run by the state 361 5 Only state run 355 8 Don't know 15 9 Not answered 4 Govmnt or private: big companies and factories To what extent do you think each of the following should be either run by private organisations or companies or should be run by the state? Big companies and factories (List 9)[Interviewer: Farms always means agricultural cooperations, which are not ”family business”] Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.82084 1.23715 1 Only privately run 37 2 Mainly run by private organisations and companies 93 3 Mixed, equally run by privately and by the state 293 4 Mainly run by the state 348 5 Only state run 302 8 Don't know 13 9 Not answered 8 Govmnt or private: water and electricity To what extent do you think each of the following should be either run by private organisations or companies or should be run by the state? Water and Electricity (List 9)[Interviewer: Farms always means agricultural cooperations, which are not ”family business”] Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 4.2011 1.07273 1 Only privately run 18 2 Mainly run by private organisations and companies 39 3 Mixed, equally run by privately and by the state 168 4 Mainly run by the state 416 5 Only state run 433 8 Don't know 13 9 Not answered 7 Govmnt or private: raliway To what extent do you think each of the following should be either run by private organisations or companies or should be run by the state? Railway (List 9)[Interviewer: Farms always means agricultural cooperations, which are not ”family business”] Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 4.12249 1.13321 1 Only privately run 22 2 Mainly run by private organisations and companies 47 3 Mixed, equally run by privately and by the state 200 4 Mainly run by the state 408 5 Only state run 394 8 Don't know 15 9 Not answered 8 Govmnt or private: media (TV, radio, newspaper) To what extent do you think each of the following should be either run by private organisations or companies or should be run by the state? Media (TV, radio, newspaper) (List 9)[Interviewer: Farms always means agricultural cooperations, which are not ”family business”] Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.31718 1.34012 1 Only privately run 87 2 Mainly run by private organisations and companies 161 3 Mixed, equally run by privately and by the state 443 4 Mainly run by the state 199 5 Only state run 181 8 Don't know 17 9 Not answered 6 Resp for standard of living: govmnt or individual Some people say the government of [country] should guarantee everyone a high standard of living, others argue that every person should look after himself. On a scale from 1 to 7, where 1 signifies that the government should guarantee everyone a high standard of living and 7 that every person should look after himself, which position corresponds to your opinion? (List 10) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.43784 1.66699 1 state guarantee 167 2 2 162 3 3 231 4 4 278 5 5 142 6 6 63 7 look after himself 35 8 Don't know 12 9 Not answered 4 Resp: reduce income differences Here are some statements about the role of government. Please tell me whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly? It is the responsibility of the government to reduce the differences in income between people with high incomes and those with low incomes. (List11)[Interviewer: government is understood in a broader sense as ”the state”] Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.4415 1.4656 1 Agree strongly 344 2 Agree somewhat 320 3 Neither agree nor disagree 185 4 Disagree somewhat 161 5 Disagree strongly 63 8 Don't know 16 9 Not answered 5 Resp: provide jobs for all Here are some statements about the role of government. Please tell me whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly? The government should provide a job for everyone who wants one. (List11)[Interviewer: government is understood in a broader sense as ”the state”] Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 1.69013 1.18775 1 Agree strongly 625 2 Agree somewhat 334 3 Neither agree nor disagree 71 4 Disagree somewhat 35 5 Disagree strongly 12 8 Don't know 10 9 Not answered 7 Govmnt spend: less benefits for the poor Here are some statements about the role of government. Please tell me whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly? The government should spend less on benefits for the poor. (List11)[Interviewer: government is understood in a broader sense as ”the state”] Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.66819 1.38762 1 Agree strongly 54 2 Agree somewhat 168 3 Neither agree nor disagree 260 4 Disagree somewhat 309 5 Disagree strongly 276 8 Don't know 16 9 Not answered 11 Resp: provide for unemployed. Here are some statements about the role of government. Please tell me whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly? The government should provide a decent standard of living for the unemployed. (List11)[Interviewer: government is understood in a broader sense as ”the state”] Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.47715 1.32984 1 Agree strongly 228 2 Agree somewhat 405 3 Neither agree nor disagree 299 4 Disagree somewhat 116 5 Disagree strongly 23 8 Don't know 11 9 Not answered 12 Govmnt spend: police law inforcement Here are some statements about the role of government. Please tell me whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly? Spend more money on the police and law enforcement (List11)[Interviewer: government is understood in a broader sense as ”the state”] Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.49634 1.55987 1 Agree strongly 102 2 Agree somewhat 202 3 Neither agree nor disagree 238 4 Disagree somewhat 284 5 Disagree strongly 230 8 Don't know 23 9 Not answered 15 Govmnt spend: culture arts Here are some statements about the role of government. Please tell me whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly? Spend more money on culture and the arts (List11)[Interviewer: government is understood in a broader sense as ”the state”] Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.97532 1.53827 1 Agree strongly 154 2 Agree somewhat 313 3 Neither agree nor disagree 305 4 Disagree somewhat 166 5 Disagree strongly 122 8 Don't know 20 9 Not answered 14 Justice in society nowadays Nowadays, there is much talk about justice and equality. Therefore I will ask you some questions about these topics.(F 12- F 16) What do you think, is our society all in all very just, rather just, neither just nor unjust, rather unjust or very unjust? Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.766 0.991314 1 Very just 5 2 Rather just 65 3 Neither just nor unjust 342 4 Rather unjust 510 5 Very unjust 154 8 Don't know 13 9 Not answered 5 Justice in socialist society And what do you think, was the former socialist society all in all very just, rather just, neither just nor unjust, rather unjust or very unjust? Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.11152 1.46767 1 Very just 42 2 Rather just 351 3 Neither just nor unjust 418 4 Rather unjust 183 5 Very unjust 46 8 Don't know 42 9 Not answered 12 Comparison: get what you deserve Independently from how you see justice in our society: Compared to how others live in [country], do you think you get what you deserve, a little more than you deserve, a lot more than you deserve, a little less or a lot less than you deserve? Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 4.31353 1.29234 1 A lot more 6 2 A little more 17 3 Get what I deserve 238 4 A little less 406 5 A lot less 368 8 Don't know 30 9 Not answered 29 opportunities: wealthy family Now we have got some questions about opportunities for getting ahead in life. How important do you think is (statement)? Is it very important, fairly important, partly important/partly not important, not very important or not important at all? Coming from a wealthy family. [Interviewer: read statement] (List 15) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.73035 1.40755 1 Very important 230 2 Fairly important 332 3 Partly important, partly not important 197 4 Not very important 211 5 Not important at all 113 8 Don't know 6 9 Not answered 5 opportunities: good education Now we have got some questions about opportunities for getting ahead in life. How important do you think is (statement)? Is it very important, fairly important, partly important/partly not important, not very important or not important at all? Having a good education. [Interviewer: read statement] (List 15) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 1.76234 1.05832 1 Very important 536 2 Fairly important 401 3 Partly important, partly not important 88 4 Not very important 48 5 Not important at all 13 8 Don't know 3 9 Not answered 5 opportunities: ambitions Now we have got some questions about opportunities for getting ahead in life. How important do you think is (statement)? Is it very important, fairly important, partly important/partly not important, not very important or not important at all? Having ambitions. [Interviewer: read statement] (List 15) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 1.78702 1.00928 1 Very important 483 2 Fairly important 453 3 Partly important, partly not important 115 4 Not very important 26 5 Not important at all 8 8 Don't know 4 9 Not answered 5 opportunities: natural abilities Now we have got some questions about opportunities for getting ahead in life. How important do you think is (statement)? Is it very important, fairly important, partly important/partly not important, not very important or not important at all? Natural ability – how important is that for getting ahead in life? [Interviewer: read statement] (List 15) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 1.67367 0.972872 1 Very important 555 2 Fairly important 415 3 Partly important, partly not important 97 4 Not very important 13 5 Not important at all 5 8 Don't know 3 9 Not answered 6 opportunities: hard work Now we have got some questions about opportunities for getting ahead in life. How important do you think is (statement)? Is it very important, fairly important, partly important/partly not important, not very important or not important at all? Hard work [Interviewer: read statement] (List 15) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.0713 1.14719 1 Very important 398 2 Fairly important 385 3 Partly important, partly not important 202 4 Not very important 81 5 Not important at all 20 8 Don't know 4 9 Not answered 4 opportunities: knowing people, connections Now we have got some questions about opportunities for getting ahead in life. How important do you think is (statement)? Is it very important, fairly important, partly important/partly not important, not very important or not important at all? Knowing the right people or having political connections. [Interviewer: read statement] (List 15) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.23035 1.28399 1 Very important 340 2 Fairly important 392 3 Partly important, partly not important 230 4 Not very important 92 5 Not important at all 24 8 Don't know 6 9 Not answered 10 opportunities: highly educated parents Now we have got some questions about opportunities for getting ahead in life. How important do you think is (statement)? Is it very important, fairly important, partly important/partly not important, not very important or not important at all? Highly educated parents [Interviewer: read statement] (List 15) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.88483 1.25572 1 Very important 127 2 Fairly important 328 3 Partly important, partly not important 312 4 Not very important 238 5 Not important at all 78 8 Don't know 4 9 Not answered 7 opportunities: part of the country Now we have got some questions about opportunities for getting ahead in life. How important do you think is (statement)? Is it very important, fairly important, partly important/partly not important, not very important or not important at all? The part of the country you come from [Interviewer: read statement] (List 15) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.92413 1.327 1 Very important 148 2 Fairly important 302 3 Partly important, partly not important 290 4 Not very important 236 5 Not important at all 106 8 Don't know 5 9 Not answered 7 opportunities: religion Now we have got some questions about opportunities for getting ahead in life. How important do you think is (statement)? Is it very important, fairly important, partly important/partly not important, not very important or not important at all? A person’s religion [Interviewer: read statement] (List 15) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.54662 1.33539 1 Very important 89 2 Fairly important 129 3 Partly important, partly not important 298 4 Not very important 301 5 Not important at all 263 8 Don't know 6 9 Not answered 8 opportunities: race or ethnic group Now we have got some questions about opportunities for getting ahead in life. How important do you think is (statement)? Is it very important, fairly important, partly important/partly not important, not very important or not important at all? A person’s race or ethnic group [Interviewer: read statement] (List 15) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.47806 1.29287 1 Very important 62 2 Fairly important 163 3 Partly important, partly not important 345 4 Not very important 302 5 Not important at all 203 8 Don't know 12 9 Not answered 7 opportunities: gender Now we have got some questions about opportunities for getting ahead in life. How important do you think is (statement)? Is it very important, fairly important, partly important/partly not important, not very important or not important at all? Being born a man or a woman [Interviewer: read statement] (List 15) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.36197 1.33455 1 Very important 78 2 Fairly important 195 3 Partly important, partly not important 352 4 Not very important 253 5 Not important at all 198 8 Don't know 10 9 Not answered 8 opportunities: illegal activities Now we have got some questions about opportunities for getting ahead in life. How important do you think is (statement)? Is it very important, fairly important, partly important/partly not important, not very important or not important at all? Carrying out illegal activities [Interviewer: read statement] (List 15) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.91316 2.17798 1 Very important 159 2 Fairly important 150 3 Partly important, partly not important 206 4 Not very important 161 5 Not important at all 277 8 Don't know 94 9 Not answered 47 equality: income differences fair if equal opportunities Now I have some questions about income and equality in [country]. For each statement I read, tell me whether you agree stronly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree completely, using the phrases on this card It is fair if some have more money or wealth, but only if there are equal opportunities for everyone. (List 16 (old: 18)) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.20658 1.36929 1 Agree strongly 369 2 Agree somewhat 426 3 Neither agree nor disagree 127 4 Disagree somewhat 116 5 Disagree strongly 35 8 Don't know 16 9 No answer 5 equality: good profits for business-improvements for all Now I have some questions about income and equality in [country]. For each statement I read, tell me whether you agree stronly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree completely, using the phrases on this card Allowing businessmen to make good profits is the best way to improve everyone’s standard of living. (List 16 (old: 18)) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.43419 1.45401 1 Agree strongly 299 2 Agree somewhat 402 3 Neither agree nor disagree 177 4 Disagree somewhat 134 5 Disagree strongly 56 8 Don't know 21 9 No answer 5 equality: society provide equal opportunity Now I have some questions about income and equality in [country]. For each statement I read, tell me whether you agree stronly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree completely, using the phrases on this card Our society should do whatever is necessary to make sure that everyone has an equal opportunity to succeed. (List 16 (old: 18)) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 1.62249 0.958941 1 Agree strongly 592 2 Agree somewhat 401 3 Neither agree nor disagree 66 4 Disagree somewhat 24 5 Disagree strongly 2 8 Don't know 4 9 No answer 5 income: extra pay for extra resp Now I have some questions about income and equality in [country]. For each statement I read, tell me whether you agree stronly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree completely, using the phrases on this card In our society people would not want to take extra responsibility at work unless they were paid extra for it. (List 16 (old: 18)) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.06216 1.24043 1 Agree strongly 421 2 Agree somewhat 396 3 Neither agree nor disagree 147 4 Disagree somewhat 91 5 Disagree strongly 26 8 Don't know 9 9 No answer 4 income: equal shares for everyone Now I have some questions about income and equality in [country]. For each statement I read, tell me whether you agree stronly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree completely, using the phrases on this card The fairest way of distributing wealth and income would be to give everyone equal shares. (List 16 (old: 18)) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.0521 1.45189 1 Agree strongly 171 2 Agree somewhat 244 3 Neither agree nor disagree 250 4 Disagree somewhat 285 5 Disagree strongly 123 8 Don't know 14 9 No answer 7 equality: income differences show difference of abilities Now I have some questions about income and equality in [country]. For each statement I read, tell me whether you agree stronly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree completely, using the phrases on this card Social differences between people are justified, because they express what one has made of the given chances of life. (List 16 (old: 18)) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.06124 1.42546 1 Agree strongly 133 2 Agree somewhat 301 3 Neither agree nor disagree 253 4 Disagree somewhat 251 5 Disagree strongly 134 8 Don't know 17 9 No answer 5 income: mechanism for income regulations Now I have some questions about income and equality in [country]. For each statement I read, tell me whether you agree stronly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree completely, using the phrases on this card There should be a mechanism in our country which regulates income in a way that no one earns much more than others. (List 16 (old: 18)) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.60695 1.42741 1 Agree strongly 246 2 Agree somewhat 378 3 Neither agree nor disagree 189 4 Disagree somewhat 185 5 Disagree strongly 77 8 Don't know 13 9 No answer 6 equality: income differences necessary for development Now I have some questions about income and equality in [country]. For each statement I read, tell me whether you agree stronly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree completely, using the phrases on this card Large differences in income are necessary for [country] development. (List 16 (old: 18)) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.76965 1.53339 1 Agree strongly 75 2 Agree somewhat 146 3 Neither agree nor disagree 216 4 Disagree somewhat 329 5 Disagree strongly 282 8 Don't know 31 9 No answer 15 level of income differences As you might have noticed that the questions asked so far, lead towards questions about the economy. I would like to address the topic of economy a little bit more in detail in the following part of this questionnaire.(F 17-F 22) What do you think about the difference of people’s incomes in [country]? Are the differences much too large, a little too large, about right, a little too small, or much too small? Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 1.63071 1.04728 1 Much too large 619 2 A little too large 370 3 About right 58 4 A little too small 20 5 Much too small 17 8 Don't know 4 9 Not answered 6 family's social position: early 80s Some people think they belong socially to the top of a society, others believe they have a bottom position. Imagine a 7 graded ladder representing the social position of people in various periods. Where would you locate your family on them, if 7 means the highest and 1 means the lowest position ? Where would you locate your family in the early 80s. List 18 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 4.71938 1.34486 1 Lowest Position 6 2 2 26 3 3 121 4 4 372 5 5 318 6 6 156 7 Highest Position 45 8 Don't know 37 9 Not answered 13 family's social position: early 90s Some people think they belong socially to the top of a society, others believe they have a bottom position. Imagine a 7 graded ladder representing the social position of people in various periods. Where would you locate your family on them, if 7 means the highest and 1 means the lowest position ? Where would you locate your family in the early 90s. List 18 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 4.27605 1.22517 1 Lowest Position 4 2 2 48 3 3 200 4 4 432 5 5 294 6 6 77 7 Highest Position 8 8 Don't know 17 9 Not answered 14 family's social position: today Some people think they belong socially to the top of a society, others believe they have a bottom position. Imagine a 7 graded ladder representing the social position of people in various periods. Where would you locate your family on them, if 7 means the highest and 1 means the lowest position ? Where would you locate your family now. List 18 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.74314 1.51444 1 Lowest Position 58 2 2 164 3 3 264 4 4 309 5 5 193 6 6 70 7 Highest Position 8 8 Don't know 12 9 Not answered 16 market econ: rich richer, poor poorer I will read you some attributes, usually connected with a market economy, as we find it today in our country. Tell me please, whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly with each of the following statements. In a market economy the rich get richer and the poor get poorer. List 19 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 1.98537 1.3315 1 Agree strongly 488 2 Agree somewhat 378 3 Neither agree nor disagree 93 4 Disagree somewhat 90 5 Disagree strongly 25 8 Don't know 16 9 Not answered 4 market econ: freedom of choice I will read you some attributes, usually connected with a market economy, as we find it today in our country. Tell me please, whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly with each of the following statements. In a market economy everybody has got the freedom of choice and can make the best of his chances. List 19 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.85192 1.39205 1 Agree strongly 176 2 Agree somewhat 336 3 Neither agree nor disagree 230 4 Disagree somewhat 232 5 Disagree strongly 103 8 Don't know 14 9 Not answered 3 market econ: no state interference I will read you some attributes, usually connected with a market economy, as we find it today in our country. Tell me please, whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly with each of the following statements. In a market economy everything should be left to the initiative of individuals. The state should not interfere in economic questions. List 19 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.51828 1.39832 1 Agree strongly 70 2 Agree somewhat 186 3 Neither agree nor disagree 261 4 Disagree somewhat 367 5 Disagree strongly 176 8 Don't know 30 9 Not answered 4 market econ: best economic order I will read you some attributes, usually connected with a market economy, as we find it today in our country. Tell me please, whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly with each of the following statements. The market economy, as it exists in [country] today is the best economic order. List 19 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 4.09872 1.29442 1 Agree strongly 30 2 Agree somewhat 68 3 Neither agree nor disagree 205 4 Disagree somewhat 383 5 Disagree strongly 367 8 Don't know 33 9 Not answered 8 market econ: good principles/ ideas. I will read you some attributes, usually connected with a market economy, as we find it today in our country. Tell me please, whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly with each of the following statements. The principles/ideas of a market economy are always good. List 19 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.6691 1.4342 1 Agree strongly 36 2 Agree somewhat 171 3 Neither agree nor disagree 310 4 Disagree somewhat 334 5 Disagree strongly 194 8 Don't know 41 9 Not answered 8 market econ: no care about rules means success I will read you some attributes, usually connected with a market economy, as we find it today in our country. Tell me please, whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly with each of the following statements. In our market economy mostly those people succeed who don't care about official rules List 19 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.11426 1.50228 1 Agree strongly 444 2 Agree somewhat 400 3 Neither agree nor disagree 108 4 Disagree somewhat 74 5 Disagree strongly 35 8 Don't know 23 9 Not answered 10 directions of econ. development There are different directions our economy can develop. Would you say that our economy should take Western Europe as a model, or should we try to develop our own way of economic development? I have a list with several options. Please read these options carefully and tell me which option comes closest to your opinion. Please choose ONLY ONE of the following categories. List 20 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.46618 1.47509 1 Take Western Europe fully as a model 55 2 Take Western Europe to a certain extent as a model 238 3 Mixed model: western Principles and our specific way 327 4 More our own way 212 5 Develop our own way 225 8 Don't know 26 9 Not answered 11 economy: socialist economy before 1989 Here is a scale for ranking how the economy works. The top, plus 100, is the best; the bottom, minus 100, the worst. Where would you place... The socialist economy before 1989? List 21 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 -100 999 170.205 317.71 -100 13 -99 2 -98 1 -90 2 -80 10 -70 2 -60 4 -50 20 -40 5 -30 9 -25 1 -20 12 -10 5 0 56 8 2 10 19 15 3 20 37 25 1 30 46 33 1 40 45 45 2 50 150 55 1 60 77 65 1 70 96 75 4 76 1 78 1 80 126 85 4 90 75 95 3 98 1 99 3 100 115 998 Don't know 0 999 Not answered 138 economy: current economic system Here is a scale for ranking how the economy works. The top, plus 100, is the best; the bottom, minus 100, the worst. Where would you place... Our current economic system? List 21 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 -100 999 77.5631 292.117 -100 105 -99 2 -95 2 -90 34 -85 2 -82 1 -80 46 -70 17 -65 1 -60 24 -50 107 -40 22 -30 33 -25 2 -20 52 -10 24 -5 1 -3 1 0 81 5 2 9 2 10 46 15 1 20 63 25 3 30 89 31 1 32 2 35 2 40 63 43 1 45 3 47 1 50 71 51 1 55 1 60 47 70 23 80 11 100 7 998 Don't know 0 999 Not answered 97 economy: our economic system in 5 years Here is a scale for ranking how the economy works. The top, plus 100, is the best; the bottom, minus 100, the worst. Where would you place... Our economic system in five years’ time? List 21 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 -100 999 183.289 379.924 -100 76 -99 3 -95 1 -90 14 -85 1 -80 13 -70 17 -60 23 -50 44 -40 12 -30 26 -25 2 -20 32 -15 2 -10 26 -5 1 -1 1 0 65 5 4 8 1 10 48 15 4 20 57 25 8 30 50 35 5 40 48 45 5 49 1 50 107 53 2 55 4 58 1 60 52 65 5 67 1 70 54 75 4 80 50 85 1 90 18 95 1 100 12 998 Don't know 0 999 Not answered 192 govmnt: socialist system Here is a scale for ranking how the government works. The top, plus 100, is the best; the bottom, minus 100, the worst. Where would you place... The former socialist system? List 21 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 -100 999 158.528 324.599 -100 34 -90 10 -80 13 -70 5 -60 6 -50 49 -40 10 -30 16 -25 1 -20 19 -10 10 0 58 1 1 5 1 10 25 20 58 22 1 25 2 30 43 35 1 40 42 50 145 55 2 60 70 61 1 65 2 70 73 73 1 75 5 77 1 80 95 85 3 90 44 92 1 95 6 98 1 100 100 998 Don't know 0 999 Not answered 139 govmnt: current system Here is a scale for ranking how the government works. The top, plus 100, is the best; the bottom, minus 100, the worst. Where would you place... Our current system of governing with free elections and many parties? List 21 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 -100 999 85.1472 287.088 -100 89 -99 4 -90 29 -85 1 -80 39 -75 1 -70 24 -60 20 -55 1 -50 83 -40 19 -30 36 -25 3 -20 35 -10 23 -9 1 -1 1 0 62 1 1 5 1 10 47 15 1 20 69 25 8 30 69 35 1 38 1 40 66 45 3 48 1 49 1 50 113 54 1 55 1 60 45 68 1 70 43 75 2 80 27 81 1 88 1 90 13 100 11 998 Don't know 0 999 Not answered 95 govmnt: govmnt system in 5 years' time Here is a scale for ranking how the government works. The top, plus 100, is the best; the bottom, minus 100, the worst. Where would you place... The system of governing in five years’ time? List 21 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 -100 999 221.878 400.766 -100 50 -90 13 -85 1 -80 20 -75 1 -70 16 -60 13 -50 38 -40 13 -35 1 -30 17 -25 1 -20 16 -15 1 -10 26 -5 1 0 61 1 1 2 1 3 1 5 1 8 1 10 43 15 5 20 57 25 3 30 59 35 2 40 41 45 2 50 114 55 4 60 65 62 1 63 1 65 3 66 1 68 1 70 63 75 5 78 1 80 47 81 1 85 4 90 24 95 1 100 25 998 Don't know 0 999 Not answered 227 confidence: political parties Political Parties List 23 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.04479 1.3222 1 No confidence at all 351 2 a little confidence 534 3 some confindence 162 4 a great deal of confidence 14 8 hard to say 21 9 N.A. 12 135 -148 0 confidence: politicians I am going to name some institutions in this country. Please show me on this scale, how much confidence you have in the following institutions. What about (item) ? Do you have no confidence, a little confidence, some confidence or a great deal of confidence? Politicians List 23 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.00548 1.36616 1 No confidence at all 391 2 a little confidence 507 3 some confindence 150 4 a great deal of confidence 11 8 hard to say 20 9 N.A. 15 135 -148 0 confidence: courts I am going to name some institutions in this country. Please show me on this scale, how much confidence you have in the following institutions. What about (item) ? Do you have no confidence, a little confidence, some confidence or a great deal of confidence? Courts List 23 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.25411 1.24837 1 No confidence at all 273 2 a little confidence 440 3 some confindence 326 4 a great deal of confidence 28 8 hard to say 20 9 N.A. 7 135 -148 0 confidence: civil service/administration I am going to name some institutions in this country. Please show me on this scale, how much confidence you have in the following institutions. What about (item) ? Do you have no confidence, a little confidence, some confidence or a great deal of confidence? The civil service/administration List 23 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.47989 1.43574 1 No confidence at all 184 2 a little confidence 467 3 some confindence 369 4 a great deal of confidence 32 8 hard to say 18 9 N.A. 24 135 -148 0 confidence: parliament I am going to name some institutions in this country. Please show me on this scale, how much confidence you have in the following institutions. What about (item) ? Do you have no confidence, a little confidence, some confidence or a great deal of confidence? The parliament List 23 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.11243 1.28014 1 No confidence at all 312 2 a little confidence 526 3 some confindence 207 4 a great deal of confidence 19 8 hard to say 20 9 N.A. 10 135 -148 0 confidence: police I am going to name some institutions in this country. Please show me on this scale, how much confidence you have in the following institutions. What about (item) ? Do you have no confidence, a little confidence, some confidence or a great deal of confidence? The Police List 23 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.39854 1.22651 1 No confidence at all 201 2 a little confidence 431 3 some confindence 404 4 a great deal of confidence 31 8 hard to say 18 9 N.A. 9 135 -148 0 confidence: military I am going to name some institutions in this country. Please show me on this scale, how much confidence you have in the following institutions. What about (item) ? Do you have no confidence, a little confidence, some confidence or a great deal of confidence? Military List 23 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.0128 1.43535 1 No confidence at all 99 2 a little confidence 217 3 some confindence 580 4 a great deal of confidence 143 8 hard to say 44 9 N.A. 11 135 -148 0 confidence: government I am going to name some institutions in this country. Please show me on this scale, how much confidence you have in the following institutions. What about (item) ? Do you have no confidence, a little confidence, some confidence or a great deal of confidence? The government List 23 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.21846 1.40408 1 No confidence at all 315 2 a little confidence 454 3 some confindence 254 4 a great deal of confidence 36 8 hard to say 17 9 N.A. 18 135 -148 0 confidence: prime minister I am going to name some institutions in this country. Please show me on this scale, how much confidence you have in the following institutions. What about (item) ? Do you have no confidence, a little confidence, some confidence or a great deal of confidence? The Prime Minister List 23 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.24954 1.495 1 No confidence at all 368 2 a little confidence 361 3 some confindence 260 4 a great deal of confidence 67 8 hard to say 19 9 N.A. 19 135 -148 0 confidence: president I am going to name some institutions in this country. Please show me on this scale, how much confidence you have in the following institutions. What about (item) ? Do you have no confidence, a little confidence, some confidence or a great deal of confidence? The President List 23 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.65082 1.28636 1 No confidence at all 157 2 a little confidence 326 3 some confindence 488 4 a great deal of confidence 92 8 hard to say 20 9 N.A. 11 135 -148 0 confidence: media I am going to name some institutions in this country. Please show me on this scale, how much confidence you have in the following institutions. What about (item) ? Do you have no confidence, a little confidence, some confidence or a great deal of confidence? The media List 23 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.57404 1.21575 1 No confidence at all 147 2 a little confidence 379 3 some confindence 477 4 a great deal of confidence 65 8 hard to say 14 9 N.A. 12 135 -148 0 confidence: churches I am going to name some institutions in this country. Please show me on this scale, how much confidence you have in the following institutions. What about (item) ? Do you have no confidence, a little confidence, some confidence or a great deal of confidence? Churches List 23 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.00366 1.67266 1 No confidence at all 157 2 a little confidence 261 3 some confindence 398 4 a great deal of confidence 207 8 hard to say 54 9 N.A. 17 135 -148 0 confidence: trade unions I am going to name some institutions in this country. Please show me on this scale, how much confidence you have in the following institutions. What about (item) ? Do you have no confidence, a little confidence, some confidence or a great deal of confidence? Trade Unions List 23 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.77788 1.88533 1 No confidence at all 210 2 a little confidence 386 3 some confindence 346 4 a great deal of confidence 54 8 hard to say 79 9 N.A. 19 135 -148 0 Party affiliations Sometimes you meet people who feel close to a certain party or political camp over a longer period of time. Do you feel close to Communists, Socialists, Social Democrats, Liberals, Nationalists, Conservatives, Christian Democrats, are you Independent (that is none of these camps) or do you feel close to another party or political camp (which one)? (List 24a)[Interviewer: Independents are people who don’t have a relationship with any group] Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 99 17.713 31.4926 1 Communists 59 2 Socialists 74 3 Social Democrats 149 4 Liberals 43 5 Nationalists 131 6 Conservatives 16 7 Christian Democrats (Albania: Democrats) 106 8 Independent (that is none of these camps) 365 9 Others 9 99 Not answered 142 Strength of party affiliation (If close to a party or political group:) How close do you feel to ... (camp mentioned in Q24a): Summation of listed categories: 1094 587 1 9 1.954 0.899145 1 very close 100 2 somewhat close 460 3 little close 16 4 hardly close at all 4 9 not answered 7 SYSMISS 507 constitution: piece of paper There are several opinions about our constitution. Please tell me whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly with each of the following statements? Our constitution is a piece of paper, nobody really cares about. List 25 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.30347 1.51215 1 Agree strongly 122 2 Agree somewhat 222 3 Neither agree nor disagree 246 4 Disagree somewhat 330 5 Disagree strongly 136 8 Don't know 32 9 Not answered 6 constitution: for politicians, but not for me There are several opinions about our constitution. Please tell me whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly with each of the following statements? Politicians have to follow the constitution, but for me it has got no meaning. List 25 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.12706 1.4982 1 Agree strongly 149 2 Agree somewhat 256 3 Neither agree nor disagree 249 4 Disagree somewhat 289 5 Disagree strongly 118 8 Don't know 30 9 Not answered 3 constitution: basis for society There are several opinions about our constitution. Please tell me whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly with each of the following statements? Our constitution is the basis for our society. Everybody has to obey its rules. List 25 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 1.71481 1.23572 1 Agree strongly 599 2 Agree somewhat 362 3 Neither agree nor disagree 91 4 Disagree somewhat 10 5 Disagree strongly 7 8 Don't know 20 9 Not answered 5 constitution: ensures civil rights There are several opinions about our constitution. Please tell me whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly with each of the following statements? The constitution ensures my civil rights. List 25 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.14534 1.37081 1 Agree strongly 382 2 Agree somewhat 425 3 Neither agree nor disagree 172 4 Disagree somewhat 61 5 Disagree strongly 28 8 Don't know 19 9 Not answered 7 against injustice: appeal to court If you have the impression you were treated unfair by the state (i.e. state authorities or the administration), which of the following actions do you take? Tell me according to the scale whether you would do this definitely, probably, probably not, definitely not, or is it hard to say? I go and appeal at court. List 26 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.80073 1.29697 1 Definitely yes 148 2 Probably yes 316 3 Probably not 376 4 Definitely not 174 5 Hard to say 65 9 Not answered 15 against injustice: letter to head of govmnt If you have the impression you were treated unfair by the state (i.e. state authorities or the administration), which of the following actions do you take? Tell me according to the scale whether you would do this definitely, probably, probably not, definitely not, or is it hard to say? I write a letter to the president or head of government. List 26 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.16453 1.18251 1 Definitely yes 87 2 Probably yes 186 3 Probably not 393 4 Definitely not 368 5 Hard to say 47 9 Not answered 13 against injustice: inform the media If you have the impression you were treated unfair by the state (i.e. state authorities or the administration), which of the following actions do you take? Tell me according to the scale whether you would do this definitely, probably, probably not, definitely not, or is it hard to say? I inform the media about this injustice. List 26 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.883 1.20271 1 Definitely yes 118 2 Probably yes 308 3 Probably not 352 4 Definitely not 256 5 Hard to say 50 9 Not answered 10 against injustice: administration If you have the impression you were treated unfair by the state (i.e. state authorities or the administration), which of the following actions do you take? Tell me according to the scale whether you would do this definitely, probably, probably not, definitely not, or is it hard to say? I go to the administration and insist on getting my guaranteed rights. List 26 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 1.97349 1.16531 1 Definitely yes 430 2 Probably yes 441 3 Probably not 114 4 Definitely not 72 5 Hard to say 29 9 Not answered 8 against injustice: influential person If you have the impression you were treated unfair by the state (i.e. state authorities or the administration), which of the following actions do you take? Tell me according to the scale whether you would do this definitely, probably, probably not, definitely not, or is it hard to say? I address myself to an influential person List 26 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.60055 1.37566 1 Definitely yes 207 2 Probably yes 386 3 Probably not 281 4 Definitely not 153 5 Hard to say 48 9 Not answered 19 rights: freedom of opinion and speech Here are some civil and political rights mentioned on this list. Please tell me according to this scale, to what extent you think these rights are assured and well established now in our country. 7 means the rights are fully assured and established, 1 means the rights are not guaranteed at all. The freedom of opinion and free speech. List 27 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 4.8574 1.70188 1 Not guaranteed at all 43 2 2 69 3 3 126 4 4 192 5 5 226 6 6 232 7 Fully guaranteed 189 8 Don't know 11 9 Not answered 6 rights: free independent media Here are some civil and political rights mentioned on this list. Please tell me according to this scale, to what extent you think these rights are assured and well established now in our country. 7 means the rights are fully assured and established, 1 means the rights are not guaranteed at all. Free and independent media. List 27 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 4.82815 1.66984 1 Not guaranteed at all 34 2 2 65 3 3 135 4 4 217 5 5 241 6 6 217 7 Fully guaranteed 153 8 Don't know 21 9 Not answered 11 rights: formation of political parties Here are some civil and political rights mentioned on this list. Please tell me according to this scale, to what extent you think these rights are assured and well established now in our country. 7 means the rights are fully assured and established, 1 means the rights are not guaranteed at all. The right to found a political party is guaranteed. List 27 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 5.7468 1.61559 1 Not guaranteed at all 26 2 2 30 3 3 53 4 4 115 5 5 168 6 6 239 7 Fully guaranteed 408 8 Don't know 43 9 Not answered 12 rights: free elections Here are some civil and political rights mentioned on this list. Please tell me according to this scale, to what extent you think these rights are assured and well established now in our country. 7 means the rights are fully assured and established, 1 means the rights are not guaranteed at all. Free, equal and fair elections. List 27 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 5.60329 1.65115 1 Not guaranteed at all 38 2 2 30 3 3 56 4 4 132 5 5 152 6 6 257 7 Fully guaranteed 406 8 Don't know 15 9 Not answered 8 rights: religious freedom Here are some civil and political rights mentioned on this list. Please tell me according to this scale, to what extent you think these rights are assured and well established now in our country. 7 means the rights are fully assured and established, 1 means the rights are not guaranteed at all. The freedom of religious beliefs. List 27 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 6.25411 1.3341 1 Not guaranteed at all 16 2 2 15 3 3 26 4 4 61 5 5 101 6 6 187 7 Fully guaranteed 665 8 Don't know 15 9 Not answered 8 rights: oppositions checks govmnt Here are some civil and political rights mentioned on this list. Please tell me according to this scale, to what extent you think these rights are assured and well established now in our country. 7 means the rights are fully assured and established, 1 means the rights are not guaranteed at all. The political opposition has the power to check on the government. List 27 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 4.64534 1.9794 1 Not guaranteed at all 96 2 2 74 3 3 117 4 4 240 5 5 184 6 6 163 7 Fully guaranteed 142 8 Don't know 67 9 Not answered 11 rights: no political influence for military Here are some civil and political rights mentioned on this list. Please tell me according to this scale, to what extent you think these rights are assured and well established now in our country. 7 means the rights are fully assured and established, 1 means the rights are not guaranteed at all. The military has no influence on politics. List 27 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 5.23583 1.8327 1 Not guaranteed at all 30 2 2 44 3 3 94 4 4 261 5 5 176 6 6 165 7 Fully guaranteed 192 8 Don't know 118 9 Not answered 14 rights: for minorities Here are some civil and political rights mentioned on this list. Please tell me according to this scale, to what extent you think these rights are assured and well established now in our country. 7 means the rights are fully assured and established, 1 means the rights are not guaranteed at all. Minorities rights are guaranteed. List 27 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 5.5841 1.69109 1 Not guaranteed at all 24 2 2 41 3 3 67 4 4 171 5 5 133 6 6 211 7 Fully guaranteed 398 8 Don't know 40 9 Not answered 9 import: freedom of opinion and speech Please, rate on this scale how important the following aspects of political life are to you. 7 means that it is very important and 1 that it is not important at all. The freedom of opinion and free speech. List 28 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 5.47989 1.66693 1 Not important at all 32 2 2 47 3 3 68 4 4 126 5 5 173 6 6 272 7 Very important 354 8 Don't know 12 9 Not answered 10 import: free media Please, rate on this scale how important the following aspects of political life are to you. 7 means that it is very important and 1 that it is not important at all. Free and independent media. List 28 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 5.47258 1.58003 1 Not important at all 24 2 2 41 3 3 59 4 4 158 5 5 167 6 6 308 7 Very important 317 8 Don't know 10 9 Not answered 10 import: formation of political parties Please, rate on this scale how important the following aspects of political life are to you. 7 means that it is very important and 1 that it is not important at all. The right to found a political party. List 28 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 4.11883 2.03549 1 Not important at all 164 2 2 113 3 3 125 4 4 227 5 5 157 6 6 146 7 Very important 137 8 Don't know 12 9 Not answered 13 import: free elections Please, rate on this scale how important the following aspects of political life are to you. 7 means that it is very important and 1 that it is not important at all. Free, equal and fair elections. List 28 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 5.98355 1.47616 1 Not important at all 20 2 2 23 3 3 31 4 4 106 5 5 123 6 6 220 7 Very important 552 8 Don't know 7 9 Not answered 12 import: religious freedom Please, rate on this scale how important the following aspects of political life are to you. 7 means that it is very important and 1 that it is not important at all. The freedom of religious beliefs. List 28 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 5.60603 1.85947 1 Not important at all 68 2 2 37 3 3 45 4 4 117 5 5 115 6 6 218 7 Very important 464 8 Don't know 13 9 Not answered 17 import: oppositions checks govmnt Please, rate on this scale how important the following aspects of political life are to you. 7 means that it is very important and 1 that it is not important at all. The power of the political opposition to check on the government. List 28 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 5.36746 1.71647 1 Not important at all 34 2 2 51 3 3 59 4 4 184 5 5 177 6 6 241 7 Very important 308 8 Don't know 24 9 Not answered 16 import: no political influence for military Please, rate on this scale how important the following aspects of political life are to you. 7 means that it is very important and 1 that it is not important at all. No influence of the military on politics. List 28 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 5.17916 1.8697 1 Not important at all 53 2 2 49 3 3 83 4 4 219 5 5 184 6 6 162 7 Very important 268 8 Don't know 62 9 Not answered 14 import: minorities' freedom Please, rate on this scale how important the following aspects of political life are to you. 7 means that it is very important and 1 that it is not important at all. Guaranteed minority rights. List 28 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 4.8117 1.89747 1 Not important at all 83 2 2 66 3 3 90 4 4 226 5 5 194 6 6 198 7 Very important 194 8 Don't know 28 9 Not answered 15 govmnt: return to communism Our present system of government is not the only one that this country has had. Some people say we would be better off, if the country was governed differently. What do you think? Do you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree? We should return to communist rule. List 29 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.50091 1.67088 1 Agree strongly 67 2 Agree somewhat 178 3 Disagree somewhat 367 4 Disagree strongly 394 8 Don't know 62 9 Not answered 26 govmnt: army Our present system of government is not the only one that this country has had. Some people say we would be better off, if the country was governed differently. What do you think? Do you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree? The army should govern the country. List 29 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.94059 1.08939 1 Agree strongly 8 2 Agree somewhat 29 3 Disagree somewhat 194 4 Disagree strongly 814 8 Don't know 34 9 Not answered 15 govmnt: strong leader Our present system of government is not the only one that this country has had. Some people say we would be better off, if the country was governed differently. What do you think? Do you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree? Best to get rid of parliament and have a strong leader who can decide things quickly. List 29 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.69835 1.24437 1 Agree strongly 31 2 Agree somewhat 88 3 Disagree somewhat 263 4 Disagree strongly 666 8 Don't know 28 9 Not answered 18 govmnt: monarchy Our present system of government is not the only one that this country has had. Some people say we would be better off, if the country was governed differently. What do you think? Do you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree? A return to monarchy would be better. List 29 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 4.06216 1.20223 1 Agree strongly 6 2 Agree somewhat 23 3 Disagree somewhat 163 4 Disagree strongly 833 8 Don't know 50 9 Not answered 19 govmnt: experts Our present system of government is not the only one that this country has had. Some people say we would be better off, if the country was governed differently. What do you think? Do you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree? The most important decisions about the development of our country should be made by experts, and not the government and parliament. List 29 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.47166 1.59098 1 Agree strongly 279 2 Agree somewhat 403 3 Disagree somewhat 250 4 Disagree strongly 110 8 Don't know 39 9 Not answered 13 govmnt: single-party system Our present system of government is not the only one that this country has had. Some people say we would be better off, if the country was governed differently. What do you think? Do you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree? A multi-party system is designed to create chaos. All we need is a single-party system. List 29 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.00183 1.53757 1 Agree strongly 150 2 Agree somewhat 261 3 Disagree somewhat 338 4 Disagree strongly 294 8 Don't know 37 9 Not answered 14 govmnt: dictatorship Our present system of government is not the only one that this country has had. Some people say we would be better off, if the country was governed differently. What do you think? Do you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree? Under certain circumstances dictatorship is the best form of government. List 29 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.73218 1.30188 1 Agree strongly 30 2 Agree somewhat 104 3 Disagree somewhat 230 4 Disagree strongly 675 8 Don't know 40 9 Not answered 15 govmnt: today's govmnt Our present system of government is not the only one that this country has had. Some people say we would be better off, if the country was governed differently. What do you think? Do you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree? Our country should be governed the way it is governed today. List 29 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.28885 1.66134 1 Agree strongly 61 2 Agree somewhat 298 3 Disagree somewhat 344 4 Disagree strongly 310 8 Don't know 60 9 Not answered 21 national pride Do you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly with the following statement: I am proud to be a [country]. (INT: 'country' refers to citizenship, not to nationality) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.06947 1.47895 1 Agree strongly 481 2 Agree somewhat 317 3 Neither agree nor disagree 195 4 Disagree somewhat 52 5 Disagree strongly 18 8 Don't know 13 9 Not answered 18 past: history no impact on today Now we would like to read to you some statements about the connection between past and present times. Please tell me for each statement whether you strongly agree, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly. History does not relate to the problems we have got to face today. List 31 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.44881 1.56138 1 Agree strongly 118 2 Agree somewhat 191 3 Neither agree nor disagree 223 4 Disagree somewhat 343 5 Disagree strongly 177 8 Don't know 31 9 Not answered 11 past: traditions determine behaviour Now we would like to read to you some statements about the connection between past and present times. Please tell me for each statement whether you strongly agree, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly. Today our traditions determine to a great deal our behaviour. List 31 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.81353 1.48735 1 Agree strongly 122 2 Agree somewhat 435 3 Neither agree nor disagree 293 4 Disagree somewhat 152 5 Disagree strongly 49 8 Don't know 33 9 Not answered 10 past: legends as a guideline Now we would like to read to you some statements about the connection between past and present times. Please tell me for each statement whether you strongly agree, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly. Legends, developed over centuries, are important as a guide for us. List 31 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.6106 1.48617 1 Agree strongly 181 2 Agree somewhat 460 3 Neither agree nor disagree 269 4 Disagree somewhat 104 5 Disagree strongly 40 8 Don't know 28 9 Not answered 12 past: pride of history Now we would like to read to you some statements about the connection between past and present times. Please tell me for each statement whether you strongly agree, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly. I am proud of the history of our country. List 31 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.24223 1.46468 1 Agree strongly 358 2 Agree somewhat 382 3 Neither agree nor disagree 256 4 Disagree somewhat 48 5 Disagree strongly 15 8 Don't know 19 9 Not answered 16 Interested in politics How interested are you in politics? Are you not at all interested, a little interested, fairly interested, very interested, or is it hard to say? Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.45795 1.12672 1 Not at all interested 176 2 A little interested 463 3 Fairly interested 313 4 Very interested 94 5 Hard to say 40 9 Not answered 8 Protest: marches and demonstrations There are many ways people or organisations can protest against a government action they strongly oppose. Please tell me which you think should definitely be allowed, probably be allowed, probably not be allowed or definitely not be allowed. Organising protest marches and demonstrations. List 33 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.21389 1.70783 1 Definitely allowed 379 2 Probably allowed 490 3 Probably not allowed 114 4 Definitely not allowed 46 8 Don't know 48 9 Not answered 17 Protest: occupy govmnt office There are many ways people or organisations can protest against a government action they strongly oppose. Please tell me which you think should definitely be allowed, probably be allowed, probably not be allowed or definitely not be allowed. Occupying a government office and stopping work there for several days. List 33 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.33729 1.6994 1 Definitely allowed 68 2 Probably allowed 217 3 Probably not allowed 478 4 Definitely not allowed 239 8 Don't know 69 9 Not answered 23 Protest: revolt There are many ways people or organisations can protest against a government action they strongly oppose. Please tell me which you think should definitely be allowed, probably be allowed, probably not be allowed or definitely not be allowed. Taking part in a revolt, with the aim of changing the form of government. List 33 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.19013 1.97617 1 Definitely allowed 126 2 Probably allowed 357 3 Probably not allowed 293 4 Definitely not allowed 200 8 Don't know 91 9 Not answered 27 Protest: national anti-govt strike There are many ways people or organisations can protest against a government action they strongly oppose. Please tell me which you think should definitely be allowed, probably be allowed, probably not be allowed or definitely not be allowed. Organising a nationwide strike of all workers against the government. List 33 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.55941 1.87428 1 Definitely allowed 269 2 Probably allowed 480 3 Probably not allowed 175 4 Definitely not allowed 85 8 Don't know 59 9 Not answered 26 Participn: marches and demonstrations Here are some questions about political participation. Can you imagine taking part in each of the activities listed below? Can you do so definitely, probably, probably not, definitely not or do you find it hard to say? Organising protest marches and demonstrations. List 34 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.81718 1.45485 1 Yes, definitely 194 2 Probably 324 3 Probably not 223 4 No, definitely not 278 5 Hard to say 54 9 Not answered 21 Participn: occupy govt office Here are some questions about political participation. Can you imagine taking part in each of the activities listed below? Can you do so definitely, probably, probably not, definitely not or do you find it hard to say? Occupying a government office and stopping work there for several days. List 34 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.66362 1.11802 1 Yes, definitely 32 2 Probably 82 3 Probably not 281 4 No, definitely not 610 5 Hard to say 68 9 Not answered 21 Participn: revolt Here are some questions about political participation. Can you imagine taking part in each of the activities listed below? Can you do so definitely, probably, probably not, definitely not or do you find it hard to say? Taking part in a revolt, with the aim of changing the form of government. List 34 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.37294 1.37812 1 Yes, definitely 90 2 Probably 198 3 Probably not 232 4 No, definitely not 454 5 Hard to say 97 9 Not answered 23 Participn: national anti-govt-strike Here are some questions about political participation. Can you imagine taking part in each of the activities listed below? Can you do so definitely, probably, probably not, definitely not or do you find it hard to say? Organising a nationwide strike of all workers against the government. List 34 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.01097 1.44742 1 Yes, definitely 153 2 Probably 295 3 Probably not 218 4 No, definitely not 323 5 Hard to say 85 9 Not answered 20 Politicians don't care We have collected some ideas on this list , which we have often heard in relation to politics and society. Please tell me for each of these ideas whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly . Politicians do not care about what the common man thinks. List 35 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 1.77879 1.13276 1 Agree strongly 555 2 Agree somewhat 367 3 Neither agree nor disagree 92 4 Disagree somewhat 60 5 Disagree strongly 8 8 Don't know 7 9 Not answered 5 Different parties really give a choice We have collected some ideas on this list , which we have often heard in relation to politics and society. Please tell me for each of these ideas whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly . Different parties have different aims and programmes, so that a citizen really has the choice between different alternatives. List 35 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.57861 1.39819 1 Agree strongly 193 2 Agree somewhat 455 3 Neither agree nor disagree 240 4 Disagree somewhat 118 5 Disagree strongly 62 8 Don't know 18 9 Not answered 8 Understand important polit issues We have collected some ideas on this list , which we have often heard in relation to politics and society. Please tell me for each of these ideas whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly . I feel that I have a pretty good understanding of the important political issues facing our country. List 35 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.12888 1.37845 1 Agree strongly 78 2 Agree somewhat 292 3 Neither agree nor disagree 372 4 Disagree somewhat 215 5 Disagree strongly 106 8 Don't know 24 9 Not answered 7 Politicians keep promises We have collected some ideas on this list , which we have often heard in relation to politics and society. Please tell me for each of these ideas whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly . Politicians we elect as member of parliament try to keep the promises they have made. List 35 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.89488 1.1935 1 Agree strongly 18 2 Agree somewhat 123 3 Neither agree nor disagree 217 4 Disagree somewhat 398 5 Disagree strongly 320 8 Don't know 8 9 Not answered 10 Participation in elections We have collected some ideas on this list , which we have often heard in relation to politics and society. Please tell me for each of these ideas whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly . In a democracy every citizen should participate regularly in elections. List 35 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 1.85832 1.2283 1 Agree strongly 503 2 Agree somewhat 411 3 Neither agree nor disagree 106 4 Disagree somewhat 44 5 Disagree strongly 12 8 Don't know 8 9 Not answered 10 Average citizen has influence We have collected some ideas on this list , which we have often heard in relation to politics and society. Please tell me for each of these ideas whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly . The average citizen has considerable influence in politics. List 35 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.34369 1.54315 1 Agree strongly 122 2 Agree somewhat 229 3 Neither agree nor disagree 239 4 Disagree somewhat 265 5 Disagree strongly 208 8 Don't know 18 9 Not answered 13 Use chances for political activities We have collected some ideas on this list , which we have often heard in relation to politics and society. Please tell me for each of these ideas whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly . One should use every chance for political activities. List 35 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.80256 1.4686 1 Agree strongly 152 2 Agree somewhat 357 3 Neither agree nor disagree 353 4 Disagree somewhat 148 5 Disagree strongly 45 8 Don't know 27 9 Not answered 12 Respect laws and institutions We have collected some ideas on this list , which we have often heard in relation to politics and society. Please tell me for each of these ideas whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly . It is important for our society to respect political institutions, and not to break laws. List 35 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.59506 1.54458 1 Agree strongly 203 2 Agree somewhat 453 3 Neither agree nor disagree 255 4 Disagree somewhat 93 5 Disagree strongly 48 8 Don't know 25 9 Not answered 17 People like me no understanding We have collected some ideas on this list , which we have often heard in relation to politics and society. Please tell me for each of these ideas whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly . On the whole, politics is so complicated that people like me do not understand what is going on. List 35 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.86015 1.41796 1 Agree strongly 163 2 Agree somewhat 329 3 Neither agree nor disagree 282 4 Disagree somewhat 222 5 Disagree strongly 73 8 Don't know 16 9 Not answered 9 People like me no govt influence We have collected some ideas on this list , which we have often heard in relation to politics and society. Please tell me for each of these ideas whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly . People like me don’t have any say about what the government does. List 35 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.28428 1.42856 1 Agree strongly 377 2 Agree somewhat 347 3 Neither agree nor disagree 189 4 Disagree somewhat 117 5 Disagree strongly 44 8 Don't know 7 9 Not answered 13 Left-right scale Some people use the term ”left” and ”right” when talking about politics. Here is a scale running from left to right, where 1 means left and 11 means right. Thinking about your own political views, please indicate where you would place yourself on this scale. List 36 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 99 17.2761 30.638 1 Left 44 2 2 37 3 3 60 4 4 69 5 5 78 6 Neither Left nor Right 430 7 7 89 8 8 73 9 9 35 10 10 20 11 Right 23 98 Don't know 83 99 Not answered 53 Most important polit goal Also in politics one cannot have everything at the same time. On this card you will find a list of four possible political goals. Suppose you had to choose among these, which would be the most important to you? Please choose ONLY ONE of the following categories. List 37a: card game Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.72395 1.55669 1 Maintain oder in the country 347 2 Give people more to say in important government decisions 196 3 Protect freedom of speech 65 4 Fight rising prices 463 8 Don't know 13 9 Not answered 10 Second important polit goal And which one would you give the second highest priority? Please choose ONLY ONE of the following categories. List 37a: card game second choice Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.6042 1.62145 1 Maintain oder in the country 361 2 Give people more to say in important government decisions 241 3 Protect freedom of speech 119 4 Fight rising prices 336 8 Don't know 28 9 Not answered 9 Source of identity: European Given the whole of a society, people have different sources of identities. Please answer each statement, stating to what degree each is a source of identity for you. Is it definitely, somewhat, hardly or definitely not a source of your identity or do you find it hard to tell? I see myself as a European Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 1.58318 1.2264 1 Yes, definitely 724 2 Yes, somewhat 267 3 Hardly 44 4 No, definitely not 13 5 Hard to say 31 9 not answered 15 Source of identity: Central-East-European Given the whole of a society, people have different sources of identities. Please answer each statement, stating to what degree each is a source of identity for you. Is it definitely, somewhat, hardly or definitely not a source of your identity or do you find it hard to tell? I see myself as a Central-East-European Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 1.69927 1.3762 1 Yes, definitely 681 2 Yes, somewhat 278 3 Hardly 59 4 No, definitely not 19 5 Hard to say 36 9 not answered 21 Source of identity: own nationality Given the whole of a society, people have different sources of identities. Please answer each statement, stating to what degree each is a source of identity for you. Is it definitely, somewhat, hardly or definitely not a source of your identity or do you find it hard to tell? I see myself as a Slovak Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 1.30987 1.01135 1 Yes, definitely 930 2 Yes, somewhat 94 3 Hardly 27 4 No, definitely not 21 5 Hard to say 12 9 not answered 10 Source of identity: local, regional tradion Given the whole of a society, people have different sources of identities. Please answer each statement, stating to what degree each is a source of identity for you. Is it definitely, somewhat, hardly or definitely not a source of your identity or do you find it hard to tell? I see myself in a local, regional tradition Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 1.72303 1.3524 1 Yes, definitely 672 2 Yes, somewhat 256 3 Hardly 81 4 No, definitely not 47 5 Hard to say 18 9 not answered 20 EU: follow west-european countries What do you think about each of the following statements concerned with the European Dimension of Politics? Do you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly ? It would be in the interest of our country to follow the path of other (West) European countries. List 39 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.58775 1.41521 1 Agree strongly 164 2 Agree somewhat 506 3 Neither agree nor disagree 226 4 Disagree somewhat 123 5 Disagree strongly 40 8 Don't know 30 9 Not answered 5 EU: develop more self-confidence What do you think about each of the following statements concerned with the European Dimension of Politics? Do you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly ? Before we join the European Community/Union, our country should develop more self-confidence. List 39 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 1.99543 1.48767 1 Agree strongly 472 2 Agree somewhat 429 3 Neither agree nor disagree 105 4 Disagree somewhat 35 5 Disagree strongly 11 8 Don't know 35 9 Not answered 7 EU: join as a full member What do you think about each of the following statements concerned with the European Dimension of Politics? Do you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly ? Slovak Republic should join the European Union as a full member as soon as possible. List 39 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.46252 1.66003 1 Agree strongly 315 2 Agree somewhat 388 3 Neither agree nor disagree 218 4 Disagree somewhat 89 5 Disagree strongly 30 8 Don't know 43 9 Not answered 11 EU: adapt to its rules What do you think about each of the following statements concerned with the European Dimension of Politics? Do you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly ? Slovak Republic should adapt to the rules of the European Union, even if it costs jobs in the short run, in the long run our country will profit from it. List 39 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.3245 1.74804 1 Agree strongly 120 2 Agree somewhat 272 3 Neither agree nor disagree 265 4 Disagree somewhat 237 5 Disagree strongly 128 8 Don't know 58 9 Not answered 14 idea of democracy good Please tell me for each of the following statements, do you agree strongly, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly ? The idea of democracy is always good. List 40 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.33455 1.61295 1 Agree strongly 283 2 Agree somewhat 519 3 Disagree somewhat 187 4 Disagree strongly 45 8 Don't know 48 9 Not answered 12 appropriate as general form of govt Please tell me for each of the following statements, do you agree strongly, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly ? Democracy is appropriate as the general form of government. List 40 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.27788 1.6588 1 Agree strongly 292 2 Agree somewhat 583 3 Disagree somewhat 119 4 Disagree strongly 34 8 Don't know 53 9 Not answered 13 satisfied with socialism Please tell me for each of the following statements, do you agree strongly, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly ? I was satisfied with the way socialism worked in [COUNTRY]. List 40 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.69378 1.90017 1 Agree strongly 235 2 Agree somewhat 437 3 Disagree somewhat 248 4 Disagree strongly 80 8 Don't know 72 9 Not answered 22 idea of socialism good Please tell me for each of the following statements, do you agree strongly, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly ? The idea of socialism is always good. List 40 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.28976 1.99063 1 Agree strongly 112 2 Agree somewhat 277 3 Disagree somewhat 433 4 Disagree strongly 143 8 Don't know 99 9 Not answered 30 appropriate as general form of govt Please tell me for each of the following statements, do you agree strongly, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly ? Socialism is appropriate as the general form of government. List 40 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.43236 2.05605 1 Agree strongly 83 2 Agree somewhat 302 3 Disagree somewhat 379 4 Disagree strongly 187 8 Don't know 104 9 Not answered 39 Freedom or Equality Freedom and equality are certainly both important values. But if you were to choose one or the other, which one is more important to you? Please indicate where you would position yourself. List 41 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.38757 1.92486 1 Freedom 227 2 2 162 3 3 184 4 4 309 5 5 64 6 6 43 7 Equality 64 8 Don't know 28 9 Not answered 13 Trustworthiness of people Some people we’ve talked with say that most people can be trusted. Others say you can’t be careful enough in your dealings with other people. How do you feel about that, can most people be fully trusted, are people fairly trustworthy, should one be fairly careful or has one got to be very careful? Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.69744 1.20416 1 Most people can be fully trusted. 102 2 People are fairly trustworthy. 412 3 One should be fairly careful 397 4 One has to be very careful. 161 8 Don't know 8 9 Not answered 14 Enjoy life, not more work than necessary Everyone identifies with certain ideas and principles, which might influence their way of life. Could you tell me whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat, disagree strongly or find it hard to say ? I like to enjoy life and do not want to work more than necessary. List 43 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.8766 1.20473 1 Agree strongly 110 2 Agree somewhat 311 3 Neither agree nor disagree 375 4 Disagree somewhat 252 5 Disagree strongly 33 8 Don't know 0 9 Not answered 13 duty and self discipline are important Everyone identifies with certain ideas and principles, which might influence their way of life. Could you tell me whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat, disagree strongly or find it hard to say ? To have a sense of duty and self discipline are the most important character attributes one should have. List 43 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 1.90128 1.06312 1 Agree strongly 380 2 Agree somewhat 558 3 Neither agree nor disagree 111 4 Disagree somewhat 18 5 Disagree strongly 16 8 Don't know 0 9 Not answered 11 don't mind others deciding for me Everyone identifies with certain ideas and principles, which might influence their way of life. Could you tell me whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat, disagree strongly or find it hard to say ? I do not mind if others decide for me. List 43 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.43144 1.08232 1 Agree strongly 20 2 Agree somewhat 139 3 Neither agree nor disagree 401 4 Disagree somewhat 493 5 Disagree strongly 22 8 Don't know 0 9 Not answered 19 unusual and extravagant life Everyone identifies with certain ideas and principles, which might influence their way of life. Could you tell me whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat, disagree strongly or find it hard to say ? My life should be unusual and extravagant. List 43 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.28611 1.06918 1 Agree strongly 44 2 Agree somewhat 197 3 Neither agree nor disagree 339 4 Disagree somewhat 470 5 Disagree strongly 34 8 Don't know 0 9 Not answered 10 accept people the way they are Everyone identifies with certain ideas and principles, which might influence their way of life. Could you tell me whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat, disagree strongly or find it hard to say ? I accept people the way they are. List 43 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.03565 1.28743 1 Agree strongly 309 2 Agree somewhat 637 3 Neither agree nor disagree 86 4 Disagree somewhat 20 5 Disagree strongly 18 8 Don't know 0 9 Not answered 24 help without being asked Everyone identifies with certain ideas and principles, which might influence their way of life. Could you tell me whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat, disagree strongly or find it hard to say ? To help someone, without being asked, is natural to me. List 43 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 1.98446 1.06372 1 Agree strongly 313 2 Agree somewhat 612 3 Neither agree nor disagree 119 4 Disagree somewhat 17 5 Disagree strongly 22 8 Don't know 0 9 Not answered 11 successful career and earnings Everyone identifies with certain ideas and principles, which might influence their way of life. Could you tell me whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat, disagree strongly or find it hard to say ? My main aim in life is to have a successful career and to earn as much as possible. List 43 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.72852 1.20928 1 Agree strongly 132 2 Agree somewhat 365 3 Neither agree nor disagree 362 4 Disagree somewhat 190 5 Disagree strongly 32 8 Don't know 0 9 Not answered 13 no compromises in religious disputes Everyone identifies with certain ideas and principles, which might influence their way of life. Could you tell me whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat, disagree strongly or find it hard to say ? In religious disputes one has to make sure not to compromise with those who think differently from us. List 43 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3 1.42131 1 Agree strongly 114 2 Agree somewhat 320 3 Neither agree nor disagree 334 4 Disagree somewhat 192 5 Disagree strongly 112 8 Don't know 0 9 Not answered 22 accept different convictions Everyone identifies with certain ideas and principles, which might influence their way of life. Could you tell me whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat, disagree strongly or find it hard to say ? Even if I have a certain conviction, I accept those who think differently. List 43 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 1.84461 0.962985 1 Agree strongly 366 2 Agree somewhat 631 3 Neither agree nor disagree 58 4 Disagree somewhat 11 5 Disagree strongly 20 8 Don't know 0 9 Not answered 8 confidence about the future In what way do the following statements apply to you personally? Tell me on this scale, does it apply completely, more or less, does it not really apply or does it not apply at all? When I think about the future, I'm full of confidence. List 44 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.7532 1.21344 1 Applies completely 107 2 Applies more or less 362 3 Does not really apply 429 4 Does not apply at all 170 8 Don't know 20 9 Not answered 6 often lonely In what way do the following statements apply to you personally? Tell me on this scale, does it apply completely, more or less, does it not really apply or does it not apply at all? I often feel lonely. List 44 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.07587 1.18496 1 Applies completely 52 2 Applies more or less 243 3 Does not really apply 487 4 Does not apply at all 286 8 Don't know 12 9 Not answered 14 complications hard to deal with In what way do the following statements apply to you personally? Tell me on this scale, does it apply completely, more or less, does it not really apply or does it not apply at all? Everything's become so complicated that I'm barely able to cope with it. List 44 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.77331 1.27391 1 Applies completely 94 2 Applies more or less 362 3 Does not really apply 477 4 Does not apply at all 130 8 Don't know 14 9 Not answered 17 don't think about the future In what way do the following statements apply to you personally? Tell me on this scale, does it apply completely, more or less, does it not really apply or does it not apply at all? I prefer not to think about the future. List 44 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.68007 1.27902 1 Applies completely 148 2 Applies more or less 361 3 Does not really apply 396 4 Does not apply at all 162 8 Don't know 17 9 Not answered 10 Future: I determine what happens The following statements give various attitudes towards life and the future. Please indicate whether this applies completely, more or less, not really or not at all to you. I determine what happens to me in life. List 44 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.46435 1.26683 1 Applies completely 159 2 Applies more or less 510 3 Does not really apply 313 4 Does not apply at all 81 8 Don't know 25 9 Not answered 6 Future: fate The following statements give various attitudes towards life and the future. Please indicate whether this applies completely, more or less, not really or not at all to you. No one can escape their fate, everything in life happens as it must happen. List 44 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.14717 1.22393 1 Applies completely 300 2 Applies more or less 513 3 Does not really apply 203 4 Does not apply at all 54 8 Don't know 18 9 Not answered 6 Future: successful plans The following statements give various attitudes towards life and the future. Please indicate whether this applies completely, more or less, not really or not at all to you. Most of my plans are successful. List 44 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.70201 1.22226 1 Applies completely 65 2 Applies more or less 453 3 Does not really apply 457 4 Does not apply at all 88 8 Don't know 17 9 Not answered 14 Future: the unexpected comes up The following statements give various attitudes towards life and the future. Please indicate whether this applies completely, more or less, not really or not at all to you. There is little sense in planning ahead because something unexpected always comes up. List 44 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.33912 1.08013 1 Applies completely 184 2 Applies more or less 491 3 Does not really apply 356 4 Does not apply at all 46 8 Don't know 12 9 Not answered 5 Future: one can't rely on things The following statements give various attitudes towards life and the future. Please indicate whether this applies completely, more or less, not really or not at all to you. Things always happen differently, one can't rely on anything. List 44 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.5521 1.23183 1 Applies completely 134 2 Applies more or less 437 3 Does not really apply 437 4 Does not apply at all 56 8 Don't know 21 9 Not answered 9 Future: Cope well The following statements give various attitudes towards life and the future. Please indicate whether this applies completely, more or less, not really or not at all to you. The situation today is certainly complicated and confusing for many people. Personally, however, I cope quite well with it. List 44 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.48263 1.32094 1 Applies completely 95 2 Applies more or less 643 3 Does not really apply 260 4 Does not apply at all 56 8 Don't know 29 9 Not answered 11 Professional Politicians important We have collected some ideas on this list , which we have often heard in relation to politics and society. Please tell me for each of these ideas whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly . Without professional politicians our country would be worse off. List 46 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.09141 1.68271 1 Agree strongly 128 2 Agree somewhat 316 3 Neither agree nor disagree 322 4 Disagree somewhat 202 5 Disagree strongly 57 8 Don't know 58 9 Not answered 11 clashes between groups endager order We have collected some ideas on this list , which we have often heard in relation to politics and society. Please tell me for each of these ideas whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly . In our society clashes between different interest groups endanger the public order. List 46 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.08227 1.45396 1 Agree strongly 382 2 Agree somewhat 513 3 Neither agree nor disagree 103 4 Disagree somewhat 48 5 Disagree strongly 9 8 Don't know 27 9 Not answered 12 Too few people are politically active We have collected some ideas on this list , which we have often heard in relation to politics and society. Please tell me for each of these ideas whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly . In Slovak Republic there are not too many, but too few people who are politically active. List 46 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.99177 1.62295 1 Agree strongly 154 2 Agree somewhat 331 3 Neither agree nor disagree 276 4 Disagree somewhat 204 5 Disagree strongly 76 8 Don't know 44 9 Not answered 9 Equal chances for every party We have collected some ideas on this list , which we have often heard in relation to politics and society. Please tell me for each of these ideas whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly . On principle, every political party should have the chance to rule this country. List 46 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.38483 1.64925 1 Agree strongly 92 2 Agree somewhat 291 3 Neither agree nor disagree 207 4 Disagree somewhat 300 5 Disagree strongly 145 8 Don't know 48 9 Not answered 11 State as self-service shop for parties We have collected some ideas on this list , which we have often heard in relation to politics and society. Please tell me for each of these ideas whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly . Parties see the state as their private property and treat it like a self-service shop. List 46 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.05119 1.44972 1 Agree strongly 443 2 Agree somewhat 417 3 Neither agree nor disagree 131 4 Disagree somewhat 58 5 Disagree strongly 9 8 Don't know 27 9 Not answered 9 Politician has not much impact We have collected some ideas on this list , which we have often heard in relation to politics and society. Please tell me for each of these ideas whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly . Even the best politician cannot have much impact because of the way government works. List 46 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.71389 1.67852 1 Agree strongly 232 2 Agree somewhat 370 3 Neither agree nor disagree 246 4 Disagree somewhat 164 5 Disagree strongly 20 8 Don't know 55 9 Not answered 7 Parties have too much influence We have collected some ideas on this list , which we have often heard in relation to politics and society. Please tell me for each of these ideas whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly . Parties have too much influence in our society. List 46 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.23218 1.461 1 Agree strongly 311 2 Agree somewhat 508 3 Neither agree nor disagree 171 4 Disagree somewhat 50 5 Disagree strongly 13 8 Don't know 32 9 Not answered 9 Right to one's own opinion We have collected some ideas on this list , which we have often heard in relation to politics and society. Please tell me for each of these ideas whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly . Every person should have the right to stand up for his opinion, even if the majority has got a different opinion. List 46 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.22761 1.39084 1 Agree strongly 327 2 Agree somewhat 459 3 Neither agree nor disagree 186 4 Disagree somewhat 79 5 Disagree strongly 11 8 Don't know 25 9 Not answered 7 Most politicians are corrupt We have collected some ideas on this list , which we have often heard in relation to politics and society. Please tell me for each of these ideas whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly . Most politicians are corrupt. List 46 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.00457 1.60824 1 Agree strongly 541 2 Agree somewhat 312 3 Neither agree nor disagree 153 4 Disagree somewhat 36 5 Disagree strongly 0 8 Don't know 43 9 Not answered 9 Religious denomination: yes-no I am now interested in your opinion about religious denominations and religious beliefs.(F47-F50) Do you or did you belong to a religious denomination or church? Yes, nowadays, but not in previous times; Yes, all my life; No, but used to be; No, never Int: Read answers INT: Read carefully! Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 4 2.37751 0.790547 1 Yes, nowadays, but not in previous times 54 2 Yes, all my life 732 3 No, but used to be 149 4 No, never 159 friends' denomination - same? What do you think, does a majority of your friends belong to the same denomination as you do? Can you tell me whether you think this is definitely so, probably so, probably not so, definitely not so or whether you find it hard to say? Summation of listed categories: 1094 786 1 9 2.1883 1.44898 1 Definitely so 295 2 Probably so 297 3 No, probably not so 75 4 No, definitely not so 25 5 Hard to say 85 9 Not answered 9 SYSMISS 308 friends: no denomination as well? What do you think, does a majority of your friends belong to no denomination either? Can you tell me whether you think this is definitely so, probably so, probably not so, definitely not so or whether you find it hard to say? Summation of listed categories: 1094 308 1 9 3.97078 1.92594 1 Definitely so 28 2 Probably so 50 3 No, probably not so 56 4 No, definitely not so 23 5 Hard to say 131 9 Not answered 20 SYSMISS 786 denomination: slk Which one do you belong to?(religious denominations) List 48a Summation of listed categories: 1094 786 1 99 2.75573 11.4928 1 Roman-Catholic 618 2 Greek-Catholic 44 3 Protestant 80 4 other 33 98 Don't know 1 99 not answered 10 SYSMISS 308 former denomination-now without slk Which one did you belong to?(religious denominations) List 48a Summation of listed categories: 1094 149 1 99 6.0604 20.7235 1 Roman-Catholic 108 2 Greek-Catholic 6 3 Protestant 22 4 other 6 98 Don't know 0 99 Not answered 7 SYSMISS 945 change of religious denomination Have you ever changed your religious denomination? Summation of listed categories: 1094 928 1 9 2.10991 1.07074 1 Yes 45 2 No 862 9 Not answered 21 SYSMISS 166 former denomination-now changed slk What was your former religious denomination? Summation of listed categories: 1094 45 1 99 12.6889 30.8684 1 Roman-Catholic 10 2 Greek-Catholic 26 3 Protestant 3 4 other 0 5 1 98 Don't know 0 99 Not answered 5 SYSMISS 1049 church attendance Often people say they do not belong to a denomination, but practice some religious rituals. Therefore we would like to ask you some questions about everyday religious behaviour, be it in connection with a church, be it in form of supernatural behaviour.(F 51-F 62) How often do you attend the religious services? Do you attend it... Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.6883 2.21999 1 Never 242 2 About once or twice a year 189 3 Several times a year 163 4 About once a month 57 5 2-3 times a month 89 6 Every week or more often 309 8 Don't know 6 9 Not answered 39 belief in Higher Being Which of these statements comes closest to your beliefs? Please read this list carefully and choose only one of the following statements: List 52 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.52194 2.21634 1 There is a personal God 513 2 There is some sort of spirit or life force. 230 3 I don't really know what to think. 110 4 I don't really think there is any sort of higher being. 73 5 I am an atheist. 87 9 Not answered 81 belief: Reincarnation Apart from traditional religion people are also concerned with religious and supernatural questions. How is this with you, do you believe not at all, a little bit, to a certain degree or very strongly in [Interviewer: read first item], or don’t you know what this is? Reincarnation (Return after death) List 53. Interviewer: belief refers to the believe in existence Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 0 9 1.8702 1.86448 0 I do not know what this is. 126 1 Not at all 464 2 A little bit 288 3 Yes, to a certain degree. 118 4 Yes, very strong 46 9 Not answered 52 belief: Astrology/ Horoscopes Apart from traditional religion people are also concerned with religious and supernatural questions. How is this with you, do you believe not at all, a little bit, to a certain degree or very strongly in [Interviewer: read first item], or don’t you know what this is? Astrology/Horoscopes List 53. Interviewer: belief refers to the believe in existence Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 0 9 2.12066 1.46445 0 I do not know what this is. 30 1 Not at all 302 2 A little bit 495 3 Yes, to a certain degree. 205 4 Yes, very strong 29 9 Not answered 33 belief: Faith-healer Apart from traditional religion people are also concerned with religious and supernatural questions. How is this with you, do you believe not at all, a little bit, to a certain degree or very strongly in [Interviewer: read first item], or don’t you know what this is? Faith-healer List 53. Interviewer: belief refers to the believe in existence Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 0 9 2.48263 1.40746 0 I do not know what this is. 10 1 Not at all 158 2 A little bit 483 3 Yes, to a certain degree. 345 4 Yes, very strong 65 9 Not answered 33 belief: Mysticism Apart from traditional religion people are also concerned with religious and supernatural questions. How is this with you, do you believe not at all, a little bit, to a certain degree or very strongly in [Interviewer: read first item], or don’t you know what this is? Mysticism (e.g. sufism/cabbalism) List 53. Interviewer: belief refers to the believe in existence Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 0 9 1.30073 2.00047 0 I do not know what this is. 385 1 Not at all 455 2 A little bit 151 3 Yes, to a certain degree. 36 4 Yes, very strong 9 9 Not answered 58 belief: meditation and yoga Apart from traditional religion people are also concerned with religious and supernatural questions. How is this with you, do you believe not at all, a little bit, to a certain degree or very strongly in [Interviewer: read first item], or don’t you know what this is? Effects of zen-meditations, yoga List 53. Interviewer: belief refers to the believe in existence Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 0 9 1.91133 1.87154 0 I do not know what this is. 200 1 Not at all 282 2 A little bit 362 3 Yes, to a certain degree. 165 4 Yes, very strong 35 9 Not answered 50 belief: magic and occultism Apart from traditional religion people are also concerned with religious and supernatural questions. How is this with you, do you believe not at all, a little bit, to a certain degree or very strongly in [Interviewer: read first item], or don’t you know what this is? Effects of magic/spiritualism/occultism List 53. Interviewer: belief refers to the believe in existence Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 0 9 1.52102 1.77947 0 I do not know what this is. 185 1 Not at all 577 2 A little bit 205 3 Yes, to a certain degree. 61 4 Yes, very strong 20 9 Not answered 46 belief: New Age Apart from traditional religion people are also concerned with religious and supernatural questions. How is this with you, do you believe not at all, a little bit, to a certain degree or very strongly in [Interviewer: read first item], or don’t you know what this is? The message of New Age (holistic way of thinking/”Age of Aquarius”) List 53. Interviewer: belief refers to the believe in existence Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 0 9 0.923218 1.8487 0 I do not know what this is. 599 1 Not at all 339 2 A little bit 77 3 Yes, to a certain degree. 24 4 Yes, very strong 10 9 Not answered 45 church attendance, aged 11-12 When you were around 11 or 12, how often did you attend religious services? Did you attend them ... ? List 54a Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 4.48995 2.07882 0 Doesn't apply (only Alb.) 0 1 Never 157 2 About 1-2 times a year 72 3 Several times a year 163 4 About once a month 52 5 2-3 Times a month 115 6 Every week or more often 486 8 Don't know/ Hard to say 18 9 Not answered 31 church attendance, mother And what about your mother: How often did your mother attend religious services when you were around 11 or 12? List 54a Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 4.7532 2.02124 0 Doesn't apply (only Alb.) 0 1 Never 119 2 About 1-2 times a year 74 3 Several times a year 136 4 About once a month 59 5 2-3 Times a month 113 6 Every week or more often 527 8 Don't know/ Hard to say 32 9 Not answered 34 church attendance, father And what about your father: How often did your father attend religious services when you were around 11 or 12? List 54a Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 4.28245 2.33077 0 Doesn't apply (only Alb.) 0 1 Never 211 2 About 1-2 times a year 103 3 Several times a year 141 4 About once a month 66 5 2-3 Times a month 94 6 Every week or more often 384 8 Don't know/ Hard to say 48 9 Not answered 47 others' opinion on religiousness Please tell me by using this scale, which ranges from disagree strongly, disagree somewhat, agree somewhat to agree strongly, what is your opinion about the following statements? The opinion of other people is not important for my religiousness. List 55 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.1883 1.82069 1 Agree strongly 495 2 Agree somewhat 326 3 Disagree somewhat 130 4 Disagree strongly 81 8 Don't know 25 9 Not answered 37 religiousness without church Please tell me by using this scale, which ranges from disagree strongly, disagree somewhat, agree somewhat to agree strongly, what is your opinion about the following statements? One can be also religious without a church.. List 55 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.09872 1.83374 1 Agree strongly 514 2 Agree somewhat 378 3 Disagree somewhat 87 4 Disagree strongly 48 8 Don't know 30 9 Not answered 37 brought up in faith Please tell me by using this scale, which ranges from disagree strongly, disagree somewhat, agree somewhat to agree strongly, what is your opinion about the following statements? My parents brought me up in faith. List 55 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.13163 1.78564 1 Agree strongly 537 2 Agree somewhat 294 3 Disagree somewhat 96 4 Disagree strongly 114 8 Don't know 14 9 Not answered 39 beliefs about God Which best describes your beliefs about God? Please read this list carefully and tell me which fits best to you. List 56 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.94516 1.9716 1 I don't believe in God now and never have. 121 2 I don't believe in God now, but I used to. 103 3 I believe in God now, but I used to. 67 4 I believe in God now and I always have. 678 8 Don't know 49 9 Not answered 76 apply religion in life Please tell me whether you would agree strongly, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly with each of the following statements? List 57 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.98446 1.96882 1 Agree strongly 201 2 Agree somewhat 369 3 Disagree somewhat 224 4 Disagree strongly 184 7 45 8 Don't know 36 9 Not answered 35 religion behind the whole approach Please tell me whether you would agree strongly, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly with each of the following statements? My religious beliefs are what really lie behind my whole approach to life. List 57 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.90676 2.03862 1 Agree strongly 247 2 Agree somewhat 361 3 Disagree somewhat 205 4 Disagree strongly 163 7 45 8 Don't know 28 9 Not answered 45 church for social relationships Please tell me whether you would agree strongly, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly with each of the following statements? The church is most important as a place to formulate good social relationships. List 57 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.5521 1.76178 1 Agree strongly 264 2 Agree somewhat 466 3 Disagree somewhat 164 4 Disagree strongly 125 7 23 8 Don't know 25 9 Not answered 27 church for social recognition Please tell me whether you would agree strongly, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly with each of the following statements? One reason for me being a church member is that such membership helps to get recognized in the local community. List 57 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.65082 2.02785 1 Agree strongly 107 2 Agree somewhat 197 3 Disagree somewhat 309 4 Disagree strongly 312 7 85 8 Don't know 33 9 Not answered 51 prayer for happy life Please tell me whether you would agree strongly, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly with each of the following statements? The purpose of prayer is to secure a happy and peaceful life. List 57 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.51828 1.9152 1 Agree strongly 116 2 Agree somewhat 188 3 Disagree somewhat 318 4 Disagree strongly 343 7 47 8 Don't know 36 9 Not answered 46 religion as comfort in sorrow Please tell me whether you would agree strongly, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly with each of the following statements? What religion offers me most is comfort when sorrows and misfortune strike. List 57 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.95064 2.14977 1 Agree strongly 272 2 Agree somewhat 358 3 Disagree somewhat 157 4 Disagree strongly 168 7 65 8 Don't know 24 9 Not answered 50 Religiousness Would you describe yourself as religious? Would you say you are...? List 58 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 4.38757 2.03125 1 Extremely religious 14 2 Very religious 137 3 Fairly religious 337 4 Neither religious nor non-religious 231 5 Fairly non-religious 71 6 Very non-religious 39 7 Extremely non-religious 192 8 Don't know 13 9 Not answered 60 conditions of life since 1989 How have your conditions of life changed since 1989 [Russia: 1985]; have they become a lot better, a little better, have they stayed the same, have they become a little worse or a lot worse ? Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.65814 1.50332 1 A lot better 38 2 A little better 205 3 Stayed the same 257 4 A little worse 354 5 A lot worse 193 8 Don't know 21 9 Not answered 26 importance: Work Please tell me, for each of the following, how important it is in your life. Is it very important, quite important, not very important, not important at all? What about ... Work Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 1.74223 1.25201 1 Very important 573 2 Quite important 391 3 Not very important 75 4 Not at all important 32 8 Don't know 9 9 Not answered 14 importance: Leisure time Please tell me, for each of the following, how important it is in your life. Is it very important, quite important, not very important, not important at all? What about ... Leisure time Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 1.82815 1.07014 1 Very important 426 2 Quite important 535 3 Not very important 101 4 Not at all important 16 8 Don't know 7 9 Not answered 9 importance: Religion Please tell me, for each of the following, how important it is in your life. Is it very important, quite important, not very important, not important at all? What about ... Religion Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.64991 1.55794 1 Very important 259 2 Quite important 318 3 Not very important 236 4 Not at all important 244 8 Don't know 13 9 Not answered 24 importance: Politics Please tell me, for each of the following, how important it is in your life. Is it very important, quite important, not very important, not important at all? What about ... Politics Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.05119 1.27798 1 Very important 61 2 Quite important 258 3 Not very important 492 4 Not at all important 249 8 Don't know 17 9 Not answered 17 satisfaction: now and 1989 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.32998 1.42449 1 A lot more satisfied 45 2 More satisfied 248 3 More dissatisfied 387 4 A lot more dissatisfied 278 5 No change 90 8 Don't know 35 9 Not answered 11 chances to find a job Suppose you were looking for work nowadays, would it be very easy, rather easy, rather difficult, or practically impossible for you to find a suitable job? Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.44881 1.19951 1 Very easy 23 2 Rather easy 87 3 Rather difficult 547 4 Practically impossible 393 8 Don't know 33 9 Not answered 11 Finally, I want to ask you some questions about your own and your family.(S1 - S27) Gender: filled by Interviewer Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 2 1.52011 0.499824 1 male 525 2 female 569 S2: year of birth Can you give me your year of birth, please? Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1912 1982 1956.2 16.0152 1912 1 1916 1 1917 2 1918 1 1919 2 1920 6 1921 2 1922 2 1923 8 1925 7 1926 5 1927 12 1928 12 1929 6 1930 11 1931 7 1932 15 1933 14 1934 14 1935 12 1936 11 1937 12 1938 17 1939 11 1940 14 1941 16 1942 22 1943 11 1944 20 1945 21 1946 13 1947 18 1948 21 1949 19 1950 28 1951 19 1952 19 1953 23 1954 22 1955 20 1956 24 1957 27 1958 19 1959 20 1960 32 1961 30 1962 27 1963 29 1964 26 1965 14 1966 25 1967 22 1968 13 1969 24 1970 22 1971 18 1972 15 1973 16 1974 25 1975 21 1976 14 1977 19 1978 27 1979 25 1980 20 1981 23 1982 20 S3: citizenship Are you a citizen of Slovak Republic? Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 1.07495 0.762726 1 Yes 1082 2 No 2 9 Not answered 10 S4: ethnic group: slk To which of the following groups do you belong above all? National list S4 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 99 1.45978 5.16124 1 Slovak 997 2 Czech/Moravian/Silesian 10 3 Hungarian 67 4 Roma 5 5 Russian/Ukrainian 11 6 German 0 7 Polish 1 8 Russian 0 9 others 0 99 not answered 3 S5: marital status What is your marital status. Are you ... List S5 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.51097 2.13269 1 Married 667 2 Living as married 24 3 Widowed 104 4 Divorced 50 5 Separated from spouse 4 6 Never married, not married, single 235 9 Not answered 10 S6: employment status spouse What is the current employment status of your spouse? List S6 Summation of listed categories: 1094 691 1 99 4.56874 10.5623 1 Self-employed 47 2 Full-time employed, main job 439 3 Part-time employed, main job 12 4 Less than part-time 7 5 Helping family member 2 6 Unemployed 51 7 Student, at school, in education, vocational training 0 8 Retired 89 9 Housewife (man), home duties 20 10 Permanently disabled, sick, social welfare 8 11 Others, non in labour force, not working 8 99 Not answered 8 SYSMISS 403 S7: number of children How many children do you have? Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 2.71389 1.37067 1 no children 266 2 1 child 157 3 2 children 438 4 3 children 142 5 4 or more children 78 9 Not answered 13 S8a: upbringing in faith Do/Did you bring up your children in faith? Summation of listed categories: 1094 793 1 4 2.01892 1.07351 1 Yes, definitely 335 2 Yes, rather 222 3 No, rather not 122 4 No, definitely not 114 8 Don't know 0 9 Not answered 0 SYSMISS 301 S8b: if children, bring up in faith? If you had children, would you bring up your children in faith? Summation of listed categories: 1094 246 1 4 1.9187 1.04662 1 Yes, definitely 112 2 Yes, rather 75 3 No, rather not 26 4 No, definitely not 33 8 Don't know 0 9 Not answered 0 SYSMISS 848 S9: number of family members How many people who are members of your family are living in your household, including yourself? Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 9 3.14717 1.28091 1 1 person 114 2 2 persons 231 3 3 persons 231 4 4-6 persons 479 5 7-10 persons 21 6 more than 10 persons 3 9 Not answered 15 S10: years of education For how long did you go to school, including vocational training, university? Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 2 99 16.1563 16.6232 2 1 6 8 7 3 8 55 9 59 10 32 11 111 12 304 13 171 14 64 15 45 16 38 17 46 18 65 19 20 20 20 21 1 22 3 23 4 24 3 99 Not answered 41 S11: highest education level finished: slk What is the highest education level you have finished? National list S11 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 99 9.24497 15.7333 1 none 11 2 elementary 114 3 elementary, trained 40 4 incomplete secondary 21 5 apprentice without articles 24 6 apprentice with articles 308 7 higher secondary school 64 8 secondary technical school 351 9 Bachelor 7 10 complete university 122 11 other 0 98 other 4 99 not answered 28 S12a: first employment month When did you enter employment for the first time? Month: Summation of listed categories: 1094 887 1 12 7.24239 2.38574 1 48 2 17 3 26 4 23 5 27 6 61 7 235 8 165 9 198 10 49 11 22 12 16 SYSMISS 207 S12a: first employment year When did you enter employment for the first time? Year: Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1933 9999 3037 2722.39 1933 1 1934 2 1935 2 1936 3 1937 3 1938 2 1939 4 1940 2 1941 2 1942 4 1943 3 1944 3 1945 6 1946 4 1947 8 1948 13 1949 12 1950 16 1951 6 1952 9 1953 6 1954 17 1955 17 1956 15 1957 10 1958 16 1959 16 1960 13 1961 13 1962 17 1963 17 1964 14 1965 22 1966 8 1967 18 1968 23 1969 25 1970 17 1971 13 1972 23 1973 14 1974 23 1975 30 1976 21 1977 23 1978 20 1979 23 1980 20 1981 29 1982 26 1983 17 1984 19 1985 27 1986 18 1987 24 1988 19 1989 21 1990 12 1991 13 1992 16 1993 16 1994 11 1995 22 1996 9 1997 10 1998 16 1999 16 2000 9 9998 Never had a job 91 9999 Not answered 54 S12b:change of profession, 10 years How often did you change your profession in the last 10 years? Summation of listed categories: 1094 1003 0 99 5.95912 21.8122 0 564 1 165 2 112 3 60 4 22 5 17 6 4 7 2 8 3 10 1 15 1 99 Not answered 52 SYSMISS 91 S12c: change of employer, 10 years How often did you change your employer in the last 10 years? Summation of listed categories: 1094 1003 0 99 5.52642 20.3439 0 493 1 181 2 139 3 74 4 28 5 19 6 13 8 4 10 3 12 1 13 1 15 1 20 1 98 Don't know 0 99 Not answered 45 SYSMISS 91 S13: Current employment status Are you currently employed? Summation of listed categories: 1094 1003 1 9 1.48953 0.930006 1 Yes 589 2 No 403 9 Not answered 11 SYSMISS 91 S14:employment categories Which of the following applies to you? List S 14 Summation of listed categories: 1094 494 1 9 3.74089 1.31833 1 Family member that helps in the family's business 1 2 Unemployment 111 3 Student, at school, in education, vocational training 54 4 Retired 248 5 Housewife (man), home duties 39 6 Permanently disabled, sick, social welfare, state benefit 21 7 Others, not in labour force, not working 15 9 Not answered 5 SYSMISS 600 S15: employment perspectives Do you definitely not, probably not, probably or definitely intend in the future to take up a job (again)? Summation of listed categories: 1094 150 1 9 3.96 1.15787 1 No, definitely not 3 2 Probably not 3 3 Yes, probably 22 4 Yes, definitely 115 8 Don't know 4 9 Not answered 3 SYSMISS 944 S16: end of last employment-month When did your last employment end? Month: Summation of listed categories: 1094 263 1 12 7 3.51116 1 24 2 13 3 18 4 19 5 19 6 22 7 15 8 28 9 30 10 23 11 19 12 33 98 Don't know 0 SYSMISS 831 S16: end of last employment-year When did your last employment end? Year: Summation of listed categories: 1094 434 1954 9999 4944.3 3866.88 1954 2 1958 1 1964 1 1966 1 1973 1 1974 2 1975 1 1976 1 1977 2 1979 1 1980 3 1981 3 1982 7 1983 3 1984 2 1985 8 1986 4 1987 4 1988 11 1989 7 1990 15 1991 12 1992 15 1993 11 1994 13 1995 13 1996 23 1997 20 1998 17 1999 30 2000 40 9998 Never had a job 39 9999 Not answered 121 SYSMISS 660 S17: further jobs Apart from your main job, do you have further jobs? Summation of listed categories: 1094 588 1 9 2.88095 0.728662 1 Yes, permanently 20 2 Yes, but just on and off/ sometimes 60 3 No 503 9 Not answered 5 SYSMISS 506 S18: working hours/week How many hours do you usually work a week (include all the jobs you earn money in, other entrepreneurial activities, ...) Summation of listed categories: 1094 588 0 90 44.5425 10.6799 0 1 1 1 2 1 6 1 8 1 10 1 11 1 12 1 15 1 19 1 20 4 22 1 23 1 24 2 25 3 27 2 28 2 30 11 35 2 36 2 38 2 39 3 40 122 41 1 42 212 43 4 44 2 45 40 46 2 47 1 48 22 49 1 50 54 51 1 52 5 55 11 56 1 58 1 59 1 60 28 64 1 65 6 68 2 70 10 72 3 75 2 76 1 80 5 84 1 90 3 998 Don't know 0 999 Not answered 0 SYSMISS 506 S19a: working on job trained in? Are you currently working in a job you are trained in ? Summation of listed categories: 1094 588 1 9 1.34864 0.946192 1 Yes 432 2 No 149 9 Not answered 7 SYSMISS 506 S19b: afraid of losing job Are you afraid of losing your job and becoming unemployed in the near future? Summation of listed categories: 1094 588 1 9 1.68707 1.41567 1 Yes, I am afraid of getting unemployed 328 2 No, I am not afraid 237 8 Don't know 17 9 Not answered 6 SYSMISS 506 S20: unemployment in the past Have you ever been unemployed? Summation of listed categories: 1094 588 1 9 1.83333 0.998864 1 Yes 161 2 No 418 8 Don't know 0 9 Not answered 9 SYSMISS 506 S21: last unemployed from-month Please try to remember which year and for how long you have been out of work the last time you have been unemployed. From Month: Summation of listed categories: 1094 149 1 12 5.93289 3.17649 1 15 2 8 3 21 4 12 5 10 6 16 7 20 8 10 9 13 10 11 11 7 12 6 99 Don't know 0 SYSMISS 945 S21: last unemployed from - year Please try to remember which year and for how long you have been out of work the last time you have been unemployed. From Year: Summation of listed categories: 1094 157 1982 9999 2249.83 1409.96 1982 1 1983 1 1987 3 1989 4 1990 3 1991 13 1992 10 1993 13 1994 17 1995 13 1996 15 1997 16 1998 19 1999 22 2000 2 9999 Not answered 5 SYSMISS 937 S21: last unemployed. till month Please try to remember which year and for how long you have been out of work the last time you have been unemployed. To Month: Summation of listed categories: 1094 145 1 12 7.2 3.49722 1 9 2 9 3 11 4 8 5 13 6 9 7 13 8 16 9 13 10 10 11 11 12 23 99 Don't know 0 SYSMISS 949 S21: last unemployed till - year Please try to remember which year and for how long you have been out of work the last time you have been unemployed. Summation of listed categories: 1094 155 1982 9999 2357.5 1667.26 1982 1 1983 1 1987 1 1988 2 1989 3 1991 9 1992 10 1993 4 1994 13 1995 14 1996 11 1997 12 1998 17 1999 25 2000 25 9999 Not answered 7 SYSMISS 939 S22a: position now and 10 years ago If you compare your current job with the work you have done 10 years ago in the early 90s, would you say your position has much improved, a little improved, not changed, got a little worse, or got a lot worse? Summation of listed categories: 1094 589 1 9 3.40068 1.7445 1 Much improved 52 2 A little improved 151 3 Not changed 164 4 Got a little worse 98 5 Got a lot worse 60 7 Didn't have a job 10 years ago 52 8 Don't know 7 9 Not answered 5 SYSMISS 505 S23: current occupation What is/was your last your job? List S23 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1001 1 99 13.8292 23.7428 1 Employer/manager of establishment with 10 or more employees 17 2 Employer/manager of establishment with less than 10 employee 6 3 Free-lance, self-employed 39 4 White collar higher level non-manual 77 5 White collar middle level non-manual 232 6 White collar junior level non-manual 56 7 Blue collar foreman and supervisor 30 8 Blue collar skilled manual worker 237 9 Blue collar semi-skilled manual worker 41 10 Blue collar unskilled manual worker 67 11 Farmer: employer, manager on one account 1 12 Agricultural worker 32 13 Member of armed forces 6 14 Other 89 99 Not answered 71 SYSMISS 93 S24: type of employer Regarding your (last) main job, what type of employer do you have/have you had? List S24 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1001 1 9 3.35964 2.04806 1 Public agency 71 2 State enterprise 405 3 State enterprise once, now private 137 4 Private enterprise, cooperative 223 5 Farm collective 67 6 Independent farmer 1 7 Self-employed 14 8 Don't know 7 9 Not answered 76 SYSMISS 93 S25:monthly income: slk What is your household net monthly income, all income of all household members in [currency]? List S25 Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 99 35.4287 38.653 1 A < 2 000 3 2 B 2 001-2 500 1 3 C 2 501-3 000 4 4 D 3 001-3 500 10 5 E 3 501-4 000 8 6 F 4 001-5 000 20 7 G 5 001-6 000 43 8 H 6 001-7 000 34 9 J 7 001-8 000 41 10 K 8 001-9 000 43 11 L 9 001-10 000 83 12 M 10 001-12 000 117 13 N 12 001-14 000 90 14 P 14 001-17 000 117 15 Q 17 001-20 000 94 16 S 20 001-25 000 52 17 T 25 001-35 000 29 18 U 35 001-50 000 5 19 V 50 001-100 000 6 20 Z more than 100 001 0 99 not answered 294 intention to vote Assuming there is a parliamentary election next Sunday, would you go and vote? Would you definitely go, probably go, probably not go, definitely not go or is it hard for you to say? Summation of listed categories: 1094 1093 1 9 2.25252 1.87969 1 Yes, definitely 517 2 Yes, probably 281 3 Probably not 78 4 No, definitely not 148 5 Hard to say 16 9 Not answered 53 SYSMISS 1 S27: party: slk And which party would you vote for? standard list of parties for each country, List S27 Summation of listed categories: 1094 870 1 99 25.7897 36.6357 1 Democratic Party/DS 12 2 Democratic Union/DU 3 3 Movement for a Democratic Slovakia/HZDS 205 4 Communist Party of Slovakia/KSS 21 5 Christ. Democratic Movement/KDH 36 6 Slovak Democratic and Christian Union/SDKU 73 7 Slovak National Party/SNS 81 8 Party Direction 66 9 Social Democratic Party of Slovakia/SDSS 8 10 Party of the Democratic Left/SD 57 11 Party of the Democratic Center/SDS 0 12 Hungarian Coalition Party/SMK 32 13 Party of Civic Understanding/SOP 11 14 Green Party of Slovakia/SZS 8 15 Association of Workers in Slovakia/ZRS 5 16 Slovak Democratic Coalition/SDK 19 17 other 4 21 would not vote 55 98 don't know 102 99 not answered 72 SYSMISS 224 A1: size of community: slk Additional informations(to be filled out by the interviewer; Institutes: if possible, please add the relevant informations) (A1 - A6) Size of village/town where the interview was conducted Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 5 2.93967 1.3247 1 up to 999 inhabitants 174 2 1.000 bis 4.999 inhabitants 316 3 5.000 bis 19.999 inhabitants 162 4 20.000 bis 99.999 inhabitants 286 5 more than 100.000 inhabitants 156 A2: Region/Province slk Region/Province where the interview was conducted (Please use your country-specific lists to identify region/province etc. where the interview was conducted) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 8 4.74954 2.31771 1 Bratislavsky 132 2 Trnavsky 111 3 Trenciansky 104 4 Nitriansky 153 5 Zilinsky 135 6 Banskobystricky 137 7 Presovsky 155 8 Kosicky 167 A3: Interview conducted in capital? Interview was conducted in the capital of Slovak Republic (country) Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 2 1.90219 0.297188 1 Yes 107 2 No 987 A4: Respondent lives in... Respondent lives in: Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 4 2.51463 1.11189 1 in center of city 221 2 periphery of city 407 3 village near city 148 4 village in rural area 318 A5:respondent was... Respondent was: Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 4 1.93053 0.82655 1 very interested 360 2 rather interested 504 3 rather bored 176 4 very bored 54 A6: respondent had... Respondent had: Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 4 3.27788 0.928124 1 great difficulties 50 2 large difficulties 211 3 small difficulties 218 4 no difficulties 615 age 6 categories Recoded variable (from "s02" to "age6c") Summation of listed categories: 1094 1094 1 6 3.45704 1.64883 1 18 - 24 years 148 2 25 - 34 years 201 3 35 - 44 years 248 4 45 - 54 years 202 5 55 - 59 years 90 6 60 and more years 205 education 4 categories Recoded variable (from "s11_slk" to "educ4c") Summation of listed categories: 1094 1062 1 4 2.47834 0.896638 1 elementary 165 2 secondary incomplete 353 3 secondary complete 415 4 Bc. or university 129 SYSMISS 32 slovak questionaire SASD 2000 *.doc SASD english questionnaire SASD 2000 *.pdf - PDF SASD